Page 444 - aREA ix eXHIBITS

GLOSSARY OF TERMS

1. Additive Color - A color produced by light falling onto a surface, as compared to
subtractive color. An additive color model involves light emitted directly from a source
or illuminant of some sort. The additive reproduction process usually uses red, green
and blue light to produce the other colors
2. Anti-alias - The blending of pixel colors on the perimeter of hard-edged shapes, like
type, to smooth undesirable edges (jaggies).
3. Artwork - All original copy, including type, photos and illustrations, intended for
printing. Also called art.
4. Bitmap (or raster) image - is one of the two major graphic types (the other being
vector ). Bitmap-based images are comprised of pixels in a grid. Each pixel or "bit" in
the image contains information about the color to be displayed. Bitmap images have a
fixed resolution and cannot be resized without losing image quality. Common bitmap-
based formats are JPEG, GIF, TIFF, PNG, PICT, and BMP. Most bitmap images can
be converted to other bitmap-based formats very easily. Bitmap images tend to have
much large file sizes than vector graphics and they are often compressed to reduce
their size. Although many graphics formats are bitmap-based, bitmap (BMP) is also a
graphic format.

5. CMYK - Acronym for cyan-magenta-yellow-black. A color model that describes each
color in terms of the quantity of each secondary color (cyan, magenta, yellow), and
"key" (black) it contains. The CMYK system is used for printing.
6. Color Balance - Refers to amounts of process colors that simulate the colors of the
original scene or photograph.
7. Color Correct - Adjust the relationship among the process colors to achieve desirable
colors.
8. Color Gamut - Range of hues possible to reproduce using a specific device, such as
a computer screen, or system, such as four-color process printing.
9. Color Model - Way of categorizing and describing the infinite array of colors found in
nature.
10. Color separation - refers to color printing, is the reproduction of an image or text in
color (as opposed to simpler black and white or monochrome printing). Color printing
involves a series of steps, or transformations, in order to generate a quality color
reproduction. The process of color separation starts by separating the original artwork
into red, green, and blue components (for example by a digital scanner). The next
step is to invert each of these separations. When a negative image of the red
component is produced, the resulting image represents the cyan component of the
image. Likewise, negatives are produced of the green and blue components to
produce magenta and yellow separations, respectively. This is done because cyan,
magenta, and yellow are subtractive primaries which each represent two of the three
additive primaries (RGB) after one additive primary has been subtracted from white
light.
11. Composition - (1) In typography, the assembly of typographic elements, such as
words and paragraphs, into pages ready for printing. (2) In graphic design, the
arrangement of type, graphics and other elements on the page.

12. Computer graphics is a sub-field of computer science and is concerned with digitally
synthesizing and manipulating visual content. Although the term often refers to three-

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TR - Visual Graphic Design NC III (Version 01) Amended February 27, 2018