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 DENSITY - The relative opacity (blackness) of an area of a negative, a transparency or a
print. The greater the density, the less light can be transmitted through it. (Sometimes
density is also referred to as "Contrast.")

 DEPTH OF FIELD - The range of distance in a scene that appears to be in focus and will
be reproduced as being acceptably sharp in an image. Depth of field is controlled by the
lens aperture, and extends for a distance in front of and behind the point on which the lens
is focused.

 DEPTH OF FOCUS - A zone of focus in the camera. If an image is focused on a ground
glass screen in a camera, depth of focus makes it possible to move the screen slightly
backward or forward and still have the image in acceptable focus.

 DIFFUSED LIGHT or DIFFUSE LIGHTING - Light that is scattered and spread out as
opposed to specular light. Diffused light is softer than direct light, with shadows that are
less sharply-defined (lower contrast).

 DIGITAL CAMERA - A camera that takes pictures without film, but instead records the
image on an image sensor chip in a format that is readable by a computer.

 DIGITAL ZOOM - Zoom effect in some digital cameras that is not true (optical) zoom, but is
instead an enlargement of the information from the center of the CCD or CMOS (image
sensor).

 ELECTRONIC FLASH - Artificial light source produced by an electrical discharge traveling
between two electrodes through a gas-filled tube. The light from electronic flash is
approximately the same color as daylight.

 ELEMENT - A single lens that is a component of a compound lens.

 EXPOSURE - (1) Exposure occurs when light is permitted to strike film - i.e. when the film
is exposed to light. (2) Exposure is the total amount of light striking the film or other
photographic material. (3) Also refers to a combination of shutter speed and aperture used
in exposing the film in a camera, as in “My light meter shows an exposure of 1/125 second
at ƒ/11.” A particular aperture and shutter speed combinations are often referred to as
“exposure settings.” “Proper exposure” refers to exposure that produces an image
satisfactory to the photographer.

 EXPOSURE METER - An instrument containing a light-sensitive cell used to measure the
amount of light reflected from or falling on a subject. The measurement is usually
expressed in shutter speed and aperture combinations that will render an acceptable
exposure. (Also known as a light meter.)

 EXPOSURE SETTING - The aperture and shutter speed combination used to expose the
film in a camera.

 f-NUMBER - (ƒ-number) A number that expresses a lens’ light-transmitting ability - i.e. the
size of the lens opening. Usually found on the barrel of a lens, f-numbers indicate the size
of the aperture in relation to the focal length of the lens. A smaller number indicates a

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TR – Photography NC II