Page 31 - LA Handbook (HTML Only)

Withholding:
Withholding is a control tactic used by narcissists to discipline the victim and gain control. An example of this is stonewalling, the silent treatment, withdrawal of affection and intimacy.
Narcissistic Personality Disorder Terminology
Word Salad/Circular Reasoning:
Unreasonableness. Disorganized and unintelligible speech and circular reasoning used to purposefully confuse the victim. They do this with lies and misrepresentations, outright denial or rewriting history and jumping from one topic to another to lay blame and confuse. Circular reasoning interferes with one being able to make any ground because the narcissist will repeatedly leave and then come back to the same arguments never acknowledging the truth , instead just moving to another subject.
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