Page 187 - Science Coursebook

Glossary and index
genes instructions, in the form
of a DNA code, in the nucleus of
a cell; genes affect many of the
characteristics of an organism 45–49
global warming the gradual
increase of the Earth’s temperature 39, 53
group (in the Periodic Table)
the elements in a column of the
Periodic Table 64, 81
habitat the place where an
organism lives 22, 29
halogens the elements found in
Group 7 of the Periodic Table 66
herbivore an animal that eats plants 29
hyphae the tiny threads that make
up the body of a fungus 30
inert does not react 67
infra-red radiation thermal
energy travelling through empty
space or a material 170
inheritance the passing down of
features from parents to offspring 46
in parallel describes two
components in a circuit which are
connected side by side 156
insulator an object or material
which electric current cannot pass through 146
key a series of questions that leads
you to the identification of an organism 42
magnesium (plant nutrition) a
mineral salt that plants need to make
chlorophyll 8
mass the amount of matter in an
object, measured in kilogram (kg) 120–125
mass number the number of
protons and neutrons in an atom
added together 62, 65
micropyle a tiny hole in the
covering of a seed, which allows the
seed to absorb water when it germinates 17
mineral salts substances such
as nitrate and magnesium, which
plants absorb from the soil through
their roots, and which they need for
healthy growth 8
moment a measure of the
turning effect of a force, calculated
by moment = force × distance from
pivot; measured in newton
metres (N m) 134–137
natural selection the process
in which individuals that are best
able to survive in an environment
are more likely to breed and pass on
their characteristics to their offspring 52–57
nectar a sugary substance made
by flowers, which attracts insects 12
negative charge one type of
electric charge 60, 62, 142–145
neutral (electricity) describes an
object with no overall electric charge 143
neutralisation a reaction in
which an acid and an alkali react to
produce a solution which is neither
acid nor alkaline but neutral 100
neutrons particles found in the
nucleus of an atom that have no
electronic charge 60
nitrate a mineral salt that plants
need to make protein and chlorophyll 8
noble gases the elements found in
Group 8 of the Periodic Table 67
non-renewable energy
resource any energy resource
which, when used, will not renew itself 164
nuclear energy energy given out
when nuclei of atoms split 165
185