Page 51 - NEA NEWHERE FLIPBOOK

UNSATISFACTORY NUTRITIONAL INTAKE
WATER SOLUBLE VITAMIN DEFICIENCIES
NUTRIENT
FUNCTION
DEFICIENCY
EXCESS
Vitamin B The B group of vitamins are responsible for a a range of functions in the body:
• Release energy from food • Healthy nervous system
• Healthy skin hair and eyes
• Make haemoglobin (to
make red blood cells)
• Reduce the risk of birth
defects such as spina bifida in unborn babies
• Make fatty acids
B1: Beri-Beri affects the nerves and muscle B3: Pellegra which can cause diarrhoea dermatitis (sores on the skin) and dementia
B9: Spina Bifida in in an unborn baby
B12: Pernicious anaemia a a a a medical condition in which the blood is low in normal red blood cells Vitamins B and C are water soluble and any excess of these vitamins is excreted in in the urine Significantly exceeding the recommended daily intake however can cause illness In general the symptoms of vitamin toxicity include nausea gastrointestinal problems like constipation and diarrhoea hair loss rashes and nerve damage Vitamin C Supports the immune system
to
fight infections helps the body absorb iron
• Iron deficiency anaemia (as vitamin C helps the body absorb iron) leads to
tiredness and weakness
• Scurvy
• Slow wound healing
• Gum disease
• Red spots on skin (from
bleeding under the skin) MINERAL DEFICIENCIES
NUTRIENT
FUNCTION
DEFICIENCY
EXCESS
Calcium
Strong bones and teeth as well as blood clotting
• Rickets
• Weak teeth • Nerve and muscle problems Hypercalcemia is a a a condition in in which the calcium level in in your blood is above normal Too much calcium in your blood can weaken your bones create kidney stones and interfere with how your heart and brain work Iron Forms haemoglobin a a protein found in in red blood cells that transports oxygen from the lungs to
body tissues
• Anaemia
• Weak nails
• Pale complexion • Tiredness
• Weakness
• Liver damage • Chronic fatigue • Joint pain
• Abdominal pain
Sodium
Maintains fluid balance in in in the body • Muscular cramps
• Raised blood pressure • Increased risk of heart attack
• Increased risk of stroke
KNOWLEDGE CHECK
is caused by
a a a a lack of the mineral is caused by
a a a a lack of the mineral disease
is is caused by
a a a a a lack of vitamin Vitamin Vitamin which we can largely get from A i R c G c 51
Osteoporosis is is caused by
by
a a a a a a lack of vitamin which our bodies can generate by
by
exposure to
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absorb it helps the body to
absorb it s