Page 204 - The Periodic Table Book

Glossary Laser Magnetic are seawater, milk, and mud. Nucleus
A beam of light with a single
Relating to a magnet.
The contents of a mixture
An atom’s core, which
can be separated by a physical contains its protons and
wavelength, in which the
waves are all perfectly in step.
mass of an atom is packed
The force field around
Lasers are used in electronics Magnetic field process, such as filtration. neutrons. Nearly all the
and surgery. a magnet. Molecule into its nucleus.
A single particle of a compound.
Melting point Its two or more atoms are Ore
The temperature at which a bonded together. A rock or mineral from
solid gets hot enough to turn which a useful element such
into a liquid. Neutron as a metal can be purified
A neutral particle in the and isolated.
Metal nucleus of an atom. A
A type of element that is likely neutron is about the same Oxide
to react by giving away the size as a proton but it does A compound in which oxygen
outermost electrons in its not have an electric charge. is bound to one or more
atoms. Most elements are other elements.
metals, and they tend to be Noble gases
hard, shiny solids. Mercury A group of elements that are Particle
is the only metal that is liquid unreactive and generally form A basic unit of which
Milk is a type at room temperature. no compounds with the other substances are made.
of mixture. elements. This is because the Sub-atomic particles are
Mineral outermost shells in their atoms units of which atoms are
A naturally occurring solid are filled with electrons. This made including protons,
LED compound – or mixture of group sits on the extreme right neutrons, electrons, and
Short for light-emitting compounds – made up of the periodic table. many other smaller ones.
diode. An LED is a device of different elements. Every
that produces light when mineral has particular Non-metal Particle accelerator
an electric current passes characteristics, such as crystal A type of element that is A machine in which atoms or
through it. The colour shape and hardness. Minerals likely to react by acquiring sub-atomic particles are made
of its light depends on are mixed together to make electrons in the outermost to collide at high speeds. These
the compounds used in it. the rocks in Earth’s crust. shell of its atoms. Non-metals collisions are then studied by
are usually crystalline scientists. Particle accelerators
Liquid Mixture solids, such as sulfur, or are used to produce artificial
A state in which the particles A collection of substances gases, such as oxygen. elements as well as study
of matter (atoms or molecules) that fill the same space but are Bromine is the only particles smaller than atoms.
are only loosely attached to not connected by chemical non-metal that is liquid A cyclotron is a type of
each other, and move freely. bonds. Examples of mixtures at room temperature. particle accelerator.
A liquid can flow and take any
shape, but has a fixed volume.
These petal-like shapes may form
Mass when desert sand mixes with barite,
The amount of matter in an ore of barium.
a substance.

Matter
The material that makes
up everything around us.

Maglev
Short for magnetic levitation.
This refers to some kinds
of high-speed train that use
magnets to propel themselves
while hovering over a track.

Magnet
A solid object that produces
a magnetic field, which
attracts certain materials
to it and can attract or
202 repel other magnets.

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