Page 18 - Gi flipbook April 2019

the hydrogen roadmap

The HSE report concluded that Energy UK, ICOM, Oil and Gas UK,
concentrations of hydrogen in methane THE GS(M)R expert gas industry consultants such as
of up to 20 per cent by volume are Dave Lander Consulting, Kiwa Gastec
unlikely to increase risk to consumers and DNV GL and UK government with
or members of the public from either The GS(M)R ensure that all gas members from HSE and BEIS.
the gas network or gas appliances. supplies to GB consumers are The Gas Quality Group is
interchangeable, and that established investigating changes to GS(M)R to
Cadent’s HyDeploy project standards of appliance performance increase security of supply and, later,
Field trials to investigate the impact and safety can be maintained without to enable increased levels of hydrogen.
of increasing hydrogen content in the need to adjust appliances. The group is considering the evidence
natural gas are currently taking place for widening the allowable range of the
at Keele University as part of Cadent’s The GS(M)R specify the range of the Wobbe Index, and, at an appropriate
HyDeploy project . Hydrogen will be Wobbe Index, oxygen, hydrogen and stage developing the framework to
2
blended with natural gas, but the lower sulphur content, that there must be increase the hydrogen content.
the Wobbe Index limit of 47.20MJ/m³ no liquids (water or hydrocarbon) or A draft gas quality standard is now
will not be breached. Depending on the impurities that could impact on pipes or out for consultation. This draft aims to:
Wobbe Index of the original natural gas appliances. Extend the range of the Wobbe Index
gas, hydrogen concentrations of up to to increase security of supply
about 20mol% may be possible. Initial An envelope of safe operation is Simplify the interchangeable gas
testing of consumer appliances and the defined together with emergency limits range by using limits on the Wobbe
Keele gas network have indicated that should there be a supply emergency. Index and relative density
increasing the hydrogen content will Move Schedule 3 of GS(M)R from
not be problematic or unsafe. The next The GS(M)R are currently defined statute to IGEM governance to enable
stage of the project will be to deliver in statute and changes need to be the gas industry to be more flexible,
hydrogen blended gas for a full year and approved by Parliament. but no less safe, as it moves towards
to monitor the impact. deeper decarbonisation
Once comments on the draft standard
7
Germany of engine manufacturers in 2012 and have been received and considered for
3
In Germany , hydrogen concentrations they recommended a limit between inclusion, the case for change will be
of up to 2mol% are already being two and five per cent. With the sent to the HSE. If HSE approves, then
injected into the gas distribution variability in underlying natural gas the document will go to Parliament. If
grid using power-to-gas (electrolysis composition and quality, the 2mol% approved by Parliament, Schedule 3 of
of water using green energy). This limit is an appropriate initial value GS(M)R will become an IGEM standard.
increases security of supply and the gas Gas turbines may be the most sensitive At this stage, changes to the hydrogen
quality remains within the legal limits. combustion system and gas quality content limit may be made, but, as ever,
limits are contractual. The limits these will be based on evidence and
Canada depend on the combustor type and stakeholder engagement. The first step
In Canada , studies have indicated that set up. 2mol% hydrogen is proposed is likely to be 2mol% hydrogen blended
4
the gas network is tolerant to up to as an entry level limit, but will require with natural gas.
10mol% hydrogen, but the minimum endorsement from operators
threshold for requiring no or very In a study undertaken by GDF Suez
limited action is 2mol%. Adding on a 2MW glass furnace simulator,
hydrogen to natural gas is a viable a small increase in efficiency was References
method of delivering renewable energy observed when 2mol% hydrogen was 1. Health and Safety Executive Research Report
without increasing risks to domestic added to the fuel gas. RR1047 Injecting hydrogen into the gas network, a
literature search 2015
consumers, reducing overall public 2. Cadent’s HyDeploy is a Network Innovation
safety or impacting on the durability What are we doing now? Competition project. Further information: www.
and integrity of the natural gas network. The quality of natural gas delivered hydeploy.co.uk
to GB gas consumers is defined by 3. S. Carpentier, P. Milin, N. Mostefaoui, P.Nitschke-
Kowsky, J. Schweitzer, N. Sadegh, and O. Thibaut.
DNV GL study of industrial and the limits set in Schedule 3 of the Gas Self-regulated gas boilers able to cope with gas quality
variation: State of the art and performances, October
commercial users Safety (Management) Regulations, 2018.
DNV GL carried out a study on usually known as GS(M)R. Hydrogen 4. Yeong Yoo, Nancy Glass and Ryan Baker. Review
5
the impact of changing GS(M)R for content in natural gas is currently of hydrogen tolerance of key Power-to-Gas (P2G)
components and systems in Canada. Document
industrial and commercial consumers. limited to 0.1mol% for historical, rather NRC-EME-55882. 14 July, 2017
The evidence gathered indicates that an than safety, reasons. 5. DNV GL Report 1166BGP7-07 Applied Research
initial level of 2mol% is possible: The IGEM Gas Quality Working into the Effects of a Wider Gas Wobbe Index Range
- Phase Two Report 2018. Available on the IGEM
8
The German standard for CNG as Group was formed in June 2016. The website: www.igem.org.uk/technical-standards/
a transport fuel (DIN 51624) has a membership comprises informed working-groups/gas-quality
maximum hydrogen fraction of 2mol% experts on gas quality across the wider 6. ISO 11439:2013 Gas cylinders - High pressure
cylinders for the onboard storage of natural gas as a
and this is also stated in ISO 11439 . gas industry with appropriate levels fuel for automotive vehicles
6
This relates to high pressure steel of engagement from different sectors. 7. EUROMOT Admissible Hydrogen Concentrations
vehicle CNG tanks There is representation from all the in Pipeline Gas for Internal Combustion Engines,
October 2012. Web link accessed 15 Feb 2019
All gas carrying components in a CNG gas networks (National Grid, SGN, www.euromot.eu/wp-content/uploads/2018/02/
EUROMOT-Position-Gas-Quality-2017-11-09-.pdf
vehicle are tested to a maximum of Cadent Gas, Wales & West Utilities 8. www.igem.org.uk/technical-standards/working-
2mol% hydrogen and Northern Gas Networks), LNG groups/gas-quality, accessed 21 February 2019
Euromot surveyed their membership terminals, trade bodies such as HHIC,
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