Page 63 - International Space Station Benefits for Humanity, 3rd edition.

to act in microgravity and can control fluid orientation
on spacecraft. Results from space station fluids
investigations have allowed investigators to compile Because ISS imagery provides
a video database of capillary and fluid flows in some spectral information as well
microgravity. This database has contributed to
the use of better computer models for designing as street-level resolution, nighttime
microgravity fluid systems such as fluid transfer imagery brings “cultural footprints”
systems on future spacecraft (Jenson et al., 2010).
to light and are of greater use in
epidemiological studies.
Elucidation of Space and
Observations of Earth
Even with the many satellites now orbiting in space,
the space station provides the required power and data
exchange for the powerful instruments that study our of the origin of the universe through a search for
universe. Results from all-sky x-ray imaging from the antimatter, dark matter and measurements of cosmic
space station has yielded the discovery of eight new rays. These results provide information about the
black-hole candidates and contributes to observation positron spectrum and positron fraction, the antiproton/
of transient events in space such as binary X-ray proton ratio, the behavior of the fluxes of electrons,
pulsars, stellar flare, active galactic nucleus, tidal positrons, protons, helium and other nuclei, which in
disruption of a star by a massive black hole, and turn provide precise and unexpected information on
hypernova remnant (Burrows et al., 2011; Kimura the production, acceleration and propagation of cosmic
et. al.,2013; Kimura et al., 2016; Maselli et al., 2014). rays (Aguiliar-Benitez et al., 2016). Solar irradiance is
currently being measured from the space station to
Additionally, an analysis of results collected over the
first 5 years of operation from the space station has contribute to an understanding of our sun’s behaviors,
been published in an effort to advance knowledge and provides coverage of 96% of the total solar
spectrum with high accuracy (Bolsée et al., 2017).

All-sky image with the X-ray camera of MAXI (Monitor of All-sky X-ray Image). The eight black-hole candidates
and more than 10 novae discovered with MAXI are shown with the names.
Image credit: JAXA/RIKEN/MAXI team

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