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A32    FEATURE
                 Monday 15 January 2018
            Trust and truth under Trump: Americans are in a quandary



            By  LAURIE  KELLMAN  and  Democrat        Kathy   Tibbits  and  not.During  the  cam-  friends  to  get  the  most  in-  Shorenstein Center on Me-
            JONATHAN DREW                of  Tahlequah,  Oklahoma,  paign, he made a practice  formation they can.              dia, Politics and Public Poli-
             Associated Press            reads  lots  of  news  sources  of  singling  out  for  ridicule  “You’re  probably  not  go-  cy at Harvard, views Trump
            RALEIGH, N.C. (AP) — When  as she tries to assess the ac-  reporters  covering  his  rau-  ing to get enough informa-  as a symptom of long-term
            truck  driver  Chris  Gromek  curacy of what Trump is re-  cous rallies. As president, he  tion out of sound bites, and  trends.  “Now,  can  he  ac-
            wants to know what’s really  ported to have said.         regularly  complains  about  you’re  certainly  not  going  celerate  them  and  make
            going on in Washington, he  “I  kind  of  think  the  whole  his news coverage and has  to  get  it  in  a  tweet,”  said  them  worse?  Almost  cer-
            scans the internet and sat-  frontier has changed,” said  attacked news outlets and  Steel,  who  says  she  voted  tainly.”
            ellite  radio.  He  no  longer                                                         for Democrat Hillary Clinton  When  Trump  labels  some-
            flips  TV  channels  because                                                           in 2016.                     thing  “fake  news,”  ‘’I  just
            networks such as Fox News                                                              Two-thirds  of  Americans  have     started   assuming
            and  MSNBC  deliver  con-                                                              get  at  least  some  of  their  ...  whatever  he’s  talking
            flicting accounts tainted by                                                           news  from  social  media,  about  must  be  true,”  said
            politics, he says.                                                                     Pew found.                   46-year-old  Joseph  Murray
            “Where  is  the  truth?”  asks                                                         “I  think  part  of  the  prob-  of  Mustang,  Oklahoma,  a
            the 47-year-old North Caro-                                                            lem is that now people are  registered  independent.  “I
            lina resident.                                                                         getting too much informa-    feel like that attitude didn’t
            Answering  that  question                                                              tion  and  it  confuses  them  start until he took office.”
            accurately is a cornerstone                                                            and  they  don’t  know  how  Trump  tends  to  inflate  the
            of any functioning democ-                                                              to  decipher  the  true  and  significance  of  what  he’s
            racy,  according  to  none                                                             the  fake,”  said  Trent  Lott,  done. He claims his tax cuts
            other  than  Thomas  Jeffer-                                                           a  former  Senate  Republi-  are  the  biggest  in  history,
            son.  But  a  year  into  Don-                                                         can leader from Mississippi  his  accomplishments  sur-
            ald  Trump’s  fact-bending,                                                            who’s  worked  in  Washing-  pass  those  of  all  previous
            media-bashing presidency,                                                              ton for nearly half a centu-  presidents, and his election
                                                                      ABOVE:  In  this  Jan.  10,  2018,
                                                                      photo,  Victoria  Steel,  50  of
                                                                      Cheyenne,  Wyo.  talks  about
                                                                      President  Trump  and  the
                                                                      media.  RIGHT:  In  this  Jan.  11,
                                                                      2017, photo, Gary Abernathy,
                                                                      publisher  and  editor  of  The
                                                                      Times-Gazette,  poses  for  a
                                                                      photograph  in  Hillsboro.  LEFT:
                                                                      In  this  Aug.  5,  2015,  file
                                                                      photo,  Lori  Viars,  a  longtime
                                                                      conservative activist in Warren
                                                                      County,  sits  for  a  portrait  at
                                                                      Village  Ice  Cream  Parlor  in
                                                                      Lebanon, Ohio.
                                                                                  Associated Press

            Americans are increasingly  the 60-year-old lawyer and  journalists  as  “failing”  and  ry. He isn’t fond of Trump’s  victory  was  a  “landslide.”
            confused  about  who  can  artist. “My degree is in politi-  “fake  news.”  He’s  repeat-  Twitter  habit,  but  also  says  None is true.
            be  trusted  to  tell  them  re-  cal science, and they nev-  edly  called  reporters  “the  he  sees  bias  in  the  cover-  He still insists there were mil-
            liably  what  their  govern-  er gave us a class on such  enemy of the people” and  age of Washington by the  lions  of  illegal  votes  cast
            ment and their command-      fiasco politics.”            recently  renewed  calls  to  mainstream media.           in  the  2016  election,  even
            er in chief are doing.       Though  Trump’s  habit  of  make  it  easier  to  sue  for  There’s  been  no  love  for  though there’s no such evi-
            Interviews across the polar-  warping  facts  has  had  an  defamation.                the media for decades. The  dence.
            ized country as well as poll-  impact, it’s not just him.  About  2  in  3  American  percentage  expressing  a  Even on matters existential,
            ing  from  Trump’s  first  year  Widely  shared  falsehoods  adults say fabricated news  great deal of confidence in  Trump makes things up.
            suggest  people  seek  out  have  snagged  the  atten-    stories cause a great deal of  the press has eroded from  Taunted on Twitter by North
            various  outlets  of  informa-  tion  of  world  leaders  such  confusion  about  the  basic  a high of 28 percent in 1976  Korean  leader  Kim  Jong
            tion, including Trump’s Twit-  as Pope Francis and former  facts of current affairs, ac-  to  just  8  percent  in  2016,  Un,  Trump  responded  Jan.
            ter account, and trust none  President  Barack  Obama.  cording to a Pew Research  according the General So-        3 that his own nuclear but-
            in particular.               Last  year,  false  conspiracy  Center  report  last  month.  cial  Survey  conducted  by  ton “is a much bigger and
            Many  say  that  practice  theories  led  a  North  Caro-  The  survey  found  that  Re-  NORC  at  the  University  of  powerful one than his, and
            is  a  new,  Trump-era  phe-  lina man to bring a gun into  publicans  and  Democrats  Chicago.                     my  Button  works!”  There  is
            nomenon  in  their  lives  as  a pizza parlor in the nation’s  are  about  equally  likely  to  “Trump  didn’t  invent  this.  no such physical button.
            the president and the me-    capital, convinced that the  say that “fake news” leaves  He didn’t cause people to  Trump  often  bypasses  the
            dia he denigrates as “fake  restaurant was concealing  Americans  deeply  con-         start  feeling  this  way.  He’s  vast  information-gathering
            news”  fight  to  be  seen  as  a child prostitution ring. Just  fused about current events.  tapping into a vein that al-  apparatus  that  reports  to
            the more credible source.    last  week,  after  the  pub-  Despite the concern, more  ready  existed,”  said  Gary  him in favor of getting his re-
            “It  has  made  me  take  ev-  lication  of  an  unflattering  than  8  in  10  feel  very  or  Abernathy,  publisher  and  ality from TV, or sometimes
            ery story with a large grain,  book  about  Trump’s  presi-  somewhat  confident  that  editor of the Times-Gazette  just his gut. That has led him
            a  block  of  salt,”  said  Lori  dency,  a  tweet  claiming  they  can  recognize  news  of  Hillsboro,  Ohio,  one  of  to  conclude  wrongly  that
            Viars,  a  Christian  conser-  that he is addicted to a TV  that  is  fabricated,  the  sur-  the  few  daily  papers  that  a  rare  riot  in  Sweden  over
            vative  activist  in  Lebanon,  show  about  gorillas  went  vey found.                endorsed  Trump.  People,  a  drug  crime  was  instead
            Ohio,  who  gets  her  news  viral  and  prompted  its  ap-  Victoria Steel, 50, of Chey-  he  added,  “are  nodding  linked  to  refugee  extrem-
            from  Fox  and  CNN.  “Not  parent author to clarify that  enne,  Wyoming,  said  it’s  their heads right away be-  ism. He also falsely claimed
            just  from  liberal  sources.  it was a joke.             important for people to in-  cause  that’s  how  they’ve  that  Obama  tapped  his
            I’ve   seen   conservative  Trump has done his part to  vest time in finding reputa-   felt.”                       phones  at  Trump  Tower  in
            ‘fake news.’”                blur the lines between real  ble media sources or even  Nicco Mele, director of the  the campaign.q
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