Page 76 - IELTS Preparation Grammar and Vocab

1 0 Verb patterns (2)
We usually prefer an -ing form when the action is in progress or we want to emphasise that it continued
for some time, and a bare infinitive when an action is complete or we want to emphasise that it lasted for
a short time.
We use a bare infinitive in certain idiomatic phrases with dare, make, let and hear
I dare say you're tired after your journey. (= I think this must be true; see Unit 4,2.7 for more on dare.)
I had to make do with a less luxurious hoteL
I had to let go of the rope.
He let slip that he hadn't got a driving licence.
I heard tell there were sharks around.
After help we can use either a bare infinitive or to-infinitive
Some of the villagers helped carry me back to my taxi. or Some of the villagers helped to carry me back to my taxi.

BEI Verb + object + to-infinitive / -ing
After some verbs we have to include an object before a to-infinitive in active sentences:
A number of people had encouraged me to go to the coral reefs off the northwest coast of the island.
Other verbs like this include advise, persuade, tell.
Some verbs can't include an object before a to-infinitive
I decided to go ahead.
Other verbs like this include agree, guarantee, refuse.
With some verbs we have to include the preposition for before an object + to-infinitive:
I arranged for the taxi to collect me.
Other verbs like this include advertise, apply, campaign, pay, wait.
(See Unit 24,21 for more on prepositions after verbs.)
Some verbs are only followed by an -ing form when they have an object:
I saw the jellyfish coming towards me.
Other verbs like this include:feel, find, hear.

2.4 Verb + object/possessive + -ing
Some verbs can be followed either by an object or, more formally, a possessive form:
I really appreciated them looking after me so welL or I really appreciated their looking after me so well.
Other verbs like this include verbs of (dis)li king (e.g. appreciate, detest, (dis)approve of, (dis)like, enjoy, hate, love,
object to) and verbs of thinking (e.g. forget, imagine, remember, think of).
We can only use a possessive form to talk about a person or a group of people
I'll never forget it swimming towards me. (not ...
We don't use a possessive form if the object is complex
I really enjoyed Arun and his sister showing me around. (not ... A•unfsfand-his-sisterfs ...)

Ella Other patterns after verbs
The to-infinitive can also have perfect, passive and continuous forms.
Verb + to have + past participle
We use forms of the perfect infinitive to talk about an event that happened earlier or is complete
The Sasaks are thought to have originally come to Lombok from India or Burma.
This is particularly used to talk about actions that did not happen or may not have happened:
I was supposed to have arrived on the 14th October.
I was supposed to have been flying from London to Singapore.
The mountain's thought by some to have been created by the god Batara.

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