Page 97 - IELTS Preparation Grammar and Vocab

Adverbial clauses 13

II Grammar

Adverbial clauses: general

+.111 :
I seem to eat less healthily as I get older
Although I'd like to eat more fresh food, I don't have time to prepare meals in the evenings.
An adverbial clause adds extra information to a main clause about things such as time, reason or
purpose. Most adverbial clauses begin with a conjunction (e.g. as, although) and can come before or after
the main clause.

An adverbial clause must be connected to a main clause; we can't use it as a separate sentence
I don't eat much for breakfast because I'm always in a rush. (not
etkvays-in-a-rosk)
We only use one conjunction to connect an adverbial clause and a main clause: (not gi.c.bsc l„, always in a
rushrse+donit-ent-breakfast.)

II2g Time clauses

voila
I generally have a sandwich and a packet of crisps as/when/while I'm sitting at my desk.
We can use as, when or while to talk about something that happens when something else takes place.
As can sometimes mean either 'because' or 'during the time that':
I opened the window as I was cooking (= ... because I was cooking or... while I was cooking)

We don't use will in a clause with a time conjunction (e.g. before, until, when) to talk about a future action or an
action that is completed before another in the main clause:
I'd like to have something more substantial before I leave home in the morning. (not ... before I will leave home in
the morning)
When I've written up the research, let you have a copy. (not
We use when (not as or while)at the beginning of an adverbial clause which:
refers to a point in time:
I remember once I was eating some sweets in my bedroom when my mother walked in.
describes the circumstances in which the event in the main clause happens:
When I get home late, I take a ready meal out of the freezer.
refers to a past period of our lives:
When I was younger, my mother used to keep an eye on what I ate.
talks about 'every time' something happens:
When/ Whenever I've had one of those ready meals, I feel hungry by the time I go to bed.
We prefer as to show that one thing changes at the same time as another:
As I put on weight, it gets more and more difficult to exercise. (rather than When! While I put on weight)
We can use as or when to highlight the moment that something happens:
As/When I turned the corner, the bus was just pulling up ... (not While-l-turned ...)

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