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Appendix F. Common Network Protocol

Descriptions

These definitions are from Barron’s Business Guide’s Dictionary of Computer and Internet Terms,
Twelfth Edition, 2017.
domain name server – a server responsible for translating domain addresses, such as
www.example.com into IP (internet protocol) numbers, such as 127.192.92.95.
ethernet – a type of local-area network originally developed by Xerox Corporation.
Communication takes place by means of radio-frequency signals carried by a cable.

File Transfer Protocol (FTP) – a standard way of transferring files from one computer to another
on the Internet and on other TCP/IP networks.

Hypertext Transfer Protocol (HTTP) – a standard method of publishing information as hypertext
in HTML format on the Internet. HTTPS is a variation of HTTP that uses SSL encryption for
security.

Internet Mail Access Protocol (IMAP) – a protocol for viewing email on a personal computer
while leaving it in place on the host system.
Post Office Protocol (POP) – a standard protocol for delivering email to personal computers.

Secure Sockets Layer (SSL) Protocol – designed for securing connections between web clients
and web servers over an insecure network, such as the internet.

Simple Mail Transfer Protocol (SMTP) – a protocol used to transfer electronic mail between
computers on the Internet and other TCP/IP networks.
Transmission Control Protocol/Internet Protocol (TCP/ IP) – a standard format for
transmitting data packets from one computer to another. The two parts of TCP/IP are TCP,
which deals with construction of data packets, and IP, which routes them from machine to
machine.

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