Page 95 - MDI Steel Reference Guide

Glossary of Terms
Hot Rolled Sheet - Hot rolled sheet product is defined by ASTM A568. For 12” to 48” inclusive, thickness range is 0.044” to 0.230”, exclusive; over 48” wide, thickness range is 0.044 to 0.180”, exclusive. This specification is the size reference for all ASTM sheet specifications.
Ingot - The solidified steel formed in a mold for subsequent rolling or forging.
KSI - K Equals 1000 PSI... thus the term is actually K (1000) PSI. The P has been dropped... and KSI is the new term. (i.e. 50 KSI-50,000 PSI)
Killed Steel - Steel deoxidized by silicon or aluminum to reduce the oxygen content to a minimum so that no reaction occurs during solidification of the metal. Killed Steels have more uniform properties and chemical composition than other types.
Laminations - Imperfections resulting from the presence of blisters, seams or foreign inclusions, and sometimes visible on the surface of the metal.
Oiled - Application of a suitable oil to flat rolled steel to retard rusting. When surface is a consideration, it is also desirable in reducing friction scratches that may develop in transit. The oil coating is not intended to serve as a lubricant for subsequent fabrication.
Pipe Lamination - A term used to describe a defect in steel, generally caused in the pouring of steel. It usually manifests itself as a void in the centerline of the ingot or slab.
Porosity - The existence of fine holes (pores) in steel.
Quenching and Tempering - A process by which steel is rapidly cooled from above its upper critical temperature to a temperature far below this range. Water or oil is normally used to accelerate the cooling. In the as quenched condition, the product is not suitable for most commercial application because of its lower ductility and high hardness. The steel must, therefore, be tempered in order to soften it somewhat to improve its ductility and toughness. Tempering is a heat treatment done at lower temperatures usually in the range between 400 degrees Fahrenheit and 1200 degrees Fahrenheit.
Rockwell Hardness Test - Forcing a cone-shaped diamond or hardened steel ball into the specimen being tested under standard pressure. The depth of penetration is an indication of the Rockwell Hardness.
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