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11.5 Summary

In this chapter, we explored several advanced data structures that extend the
functionality of basic collections.

• Sets and multi-sets provide mechanisms for handling unique elements and duplicates,

supporting operations such as union, intersection, and symmetric difference.

• Tables organize data into structured formats, serving as the foundation for databases,
symbol tables, and information systems.

• String Algorithms such as Knuth-Morris-Pratt (KMP), Rabin-Karp, and Boyer-Moore

enable efficient searching and pattern matching, which are critical in compilers, search

engines, and text processing.
• Priority Queues allow elements to be processed based on importance rather than order

of arrival, with heaps providing efficient implementations for scheduling and

networking tasks.

Together, these structures and algorithms enhance computational efficiency, support
complex applications, and ensure that data can be managed, searched, and processed

effectively.

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