Page 841 - Small Animal Internal Medicine, 6th Edition

CHAPTER 49 Disorders of the Endocrine Pancreas 813

TABLE 49.3
VetBooks.ir Commonly Used Insulin Preparations for Treating Diabetes in Dogs and Cats

TYPICAL DURATION OF EFFECT (h)
ADMINISTRATION
PROBLEMS
INSULIN ORIGIN INDICATIONS ROUTE FREQUENCY DOG CAT COMMON
Regular Recombinant Treat DKA IV Continuous — — Rapid decrease in
crystalline human infusion blood glucose
concentration
IM Hourly 4-6 4-6
initially
SC q6-8h 6-8 6-8 May cause
hypokalemia
Treat diabetes SC q8h 6-8 6-8
at home
Lispro Recombinant Treat DKA IV Continuous — — Rapid decrease in
human infusion blood glucose
analog concentration; may
cause hypokalemia
NPH Recombinant Treat diabetes SC q12h 6-12 6-10 Short duration of
human at home effect in dogs and
cats
Lente 100% pork Treat diabetes SC q12h 8-14 6-12 Short duration of
at home effect in cats
Good initial
insulin for
dogs
PZI Recombinant Treat diabetes SC q12h 10-16 10-14 Duration of effect too
human at home long for q12h
Good initial therapy in some
insulin for dogs
cats Unpredictable timing
of glucose nadir in
some dogs
Glargine Recombinant Treat diabetes SC q12-24h 8-24 8-24 Duration of effect too
human at home long for q12h
analog Good initial therapy in some
insulin for cats and dogs;
cats weak glucose-
lowering effect and
unpredictable
timing of glucose
nadir in some dogs
Detemir Recombinant Treat diabetes SC q12-24h 8-24 8-24 Duration of effect too
human at home long for q12h
analog therapy in some
cats and dogs;
insulin dosage
requirements
considerably lower
than those seen
with other insulin
preparations

DKA, Diabetic ketoacidosis; IM, intramuscular; IV, intravenous; SC, subcutaneous.