Page 940 - Small Animal Internal Medicine, 6th Edition

912 PART VII Metabolic and Electrolyte Disorders

TABLE 52.3
VetBooks.ir Key Nutrients Concentrations in Selected Veterinary Therapeutic Diets Used for the Management of Canine
Hypertriglyceridemia*
FAT (% ME) PROTEIN (% ME) ME (kcal/unit)

Royal Canin Veterinary Diet Canine Dry 17 (18.7 g/Mcal) 24 (63.3 g/Mcal) 240/cup
Gastrointestinal Low Fat
Royal Canin Veterinary Diet Canine Can 16 (18.1 g/Mcal) 29 (79.8g/Mcal) 345/13.6-oz can
Gastrointestinal Low Fat
Purina Pro Plan Veterinary Diets OM Overweight Dry 18.9 (24.8 g/Mcal) 32.1 (102.9 g/Mcal) 266/cup
Management
Purina Pro Plan Veterinary Diets OM Select Blend Dry 17.6 (22.3 g/Mcal) 32.4 (99.6 g/Mcal) 235/cup
Overweight Management
Hill’s Prescription Diet i/d Low Fat Canine Dry 17 (20 g/Mcal) 25 (71 g/Mcal) 333/cup
Hill’s Prescription Diet i/d Low Fat Canine Can 20 (23 g/Mcal) 24 (69 g/Mcal) 351/13-oz can

Mcal, Megacalories (1000 kcal); ME, metabolizable energy.
*Information obtained from manufacturer’s product guides. Diets with 20% fat calories or less are listed.

TABLE 52.4

Key Nutrients Concentrations in Selected Veterinary Therapeutic Diets Used for the Management of Feline
Hypertriglyceridemia*

FAT (% ME) PROTEIN (% ME) ME (kcal/unit)
Royal Canin Veterinary Diet Feline Calorie Control Dry 25 (26.2 g/Mcal) 43 (109.8 g/Mcal) 262/cup
Purina Pro Plan Veterinary Diets OM Overweight Dry 20.9 (23.7 g/Mcal) 57.8 (159 g/Mcal) 321/cup
Management
Hill’s Prescription Diet w/d Feline Dry 22 (26 g/Mcal) 41 (117 g/Mcal) 280/cup
Hill’s Prescription Diet r/d Feline Dry 23 (26 g/Mcal) 39 (107 g/Mcal) 265/cup
Hill’s Prescription Diet r/d Feline Can 24 (30 g/Mcal) 41 (123 g/Mcal) 114/5.5-oz can

Mcal, Megacalories (1000 kcal); ME, metabolizable energy.
*Information obtained from manufacturer’s product guides. Foods with 25% fat calories or less are listed.

calories or as grams per 1000 kcal. The nutrient profiles of additional family members or neighbors who are inadver-
veterinary therapeutic foods are typically provided in tently providing the animal with a source of dietary fat. In
product guides, and values are expressed as averages and on addition, the medical record should be reviewed to ensure
a ME basis, which more accurately reflects the actual fat the exclusion of underlying disorders that may contribute to
content of the food. hypertriglyceridemia. If lower-fat commercial foods are not
Any treats or other foods used, including those needed to sufficient to control hypertriglyceridemia, a complete and
administer medications, should also be restricted in fat, and balanced fat-restricted (10%-14% ME for dogs, 15%-19%
should contribute no more than 10% of the daily caloric ME for cats) home-prepared recipe can be formulated spe-
intake. Fruit (other than grapes and raisins), vegetables, or cifically for the animal using online software (such as at
some cereals and cracker snacks without seasoning are useful balanceit.com) or with the help of a board-certified veteri-
options. Regardless of the inclusion of treats, absolute caloric nary nutritionist (see www.acvn.org, or www.esvcn.eu/
intake should be evaluated. If the animal is overweight, college).
caloric restriction is indicated and beneficial because it Supplementation with omega-3 fatty acids have been
decreases the production of VLDL particles from excess suggested to improve hypertriglyceridemia in humans by
dietary energy. The plasma triglyceride concentration should decreasing the production of VLDL particles. In addition,
be reevaluated after 6 to 8 weeks of a lower-fat diet. If the fish oils are poor substrates for triglyceride-synthesizing
reduction in triglyceride concentration is less than ideal, the enzymes, and their use leads to the formation of triglyceride-
dietary history should be reevaluated to ensure compliance poor VLDL particles. Some clinicians have recommended the
with diet and treats, no access to other pet foods, and no use of long-chain omega-3 fatty acids (i.e., eicosapentaenoic