Page 154 - Anatomy and Physiology of Farm Animals, 8th Edition

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Table 7-4. Muscles of the Head and Trunk
Muscle Origin Insertion Primary Actions Innervation
m. temporalis Side of skull Mandible Closes mouth cr. n. V (trigeminal n.)
m. masseter Z ygomatic arch Mandible Closes mouth cr. n. V (trigeminal n.)
mm. pterygoidei Base of skull Medial side of mandible Closes mouth, side to side movements cr. n. V (trigeminal n.)
of mandible
m. digastricus Base of skull Mandible Opens mouth cr. nn. V and VII (trigeminal
and facial nn.)
m. orbicularis oculi Encircles eye Closes the eye tightly cr. n. VII (facial n.)
m. orbicularis oris Encircles lips Closes lips cr. n. VII (facial n.)
m. zygomaticus C rosses lateral aspect of face to corner of mouth Retracts corner of mouth cr. n. VII (facial n.)
m. levator nasolabialis F rom frontal bone to upper lip and outer rim of nostril Lifts the lip and dilates the nostril cr. n. VII (facial n.)
m. genioglossus Cranial mandible Tongue Pulls tongue rostrad cr. n. XII (hypoglossal n.)
m. mylohoideus A ttaches to right and left sides Lifts floor of mouth cr. n. V (trigeminal n.)
of mandible
m. hyoglossus H yoid apparatus Tongue Pulls tongue caudad cr. n. XII (hypoglossal n.)
m. longissimus I lium, all vertebrae Adjacent vertebrae, skull Extension of vertebral column Spinal nn.
mm. transverso spinalis P rocesses of vertebrae Adjacent vertebrae Extension and rotation of vertebral Spinal nn.
column
m. iliocostalis C audal cervical and lumbar Ribs Stabilizes and extends vertebral column Spinal nn.
vertebrae, ribs
m. splenius T horacic vertebrae and nuchal Skull and cervical vertebrae Extension of neck Spinal nn. and cr. n. XI
ligament (accessory n.)
m. semispinalis capitis C audal cervical and cranial Occipital bone Extension of neck and head Spinal nn.
thoracic vertebrae
mm. rectus capitis A tlas and axis Occipital bone Movements of head Spinal nn.
mm. obliquus capitis A tlas and axis Atlas and occipital bone Movements of head Spinal nn.
m. sternocephalicus M anubrium Mandible and/or cranium Flexion of neck cr. n. XI (accessory n.)
(Continued)