Page 1407 - Clinical Small Animal Internal Medicine

152 Hemangiosarcoma 1345

Integument The prognosis for dermal hemangiosarcoma is signifi­
VetBooks.ir Dermal hemangiosarcoma is associated with the best cantly more guarded if invasion into the subcutis or mus­
cle has occurred. With surgery alone, MST is 172 days
prognosis. A MST of 2.5–3 years (one year 79%, two year
60% MST) can be anticipated. Prognostic factors include for stage II and 307 days for stage III disease. One study
found the prognosis for dogs with stage II tumors was
breed, tumor location, presence of solar actinic changes, improved with the addition of chemotherapy (MST 1189
and invasiveness. Predisposed breeds have a decreased days) but the prognosis for stage III tumors remained
risk for developing metastasis, and have a longer survival similar (MST 273 days). Most dogs with stage III HSA
time (MST 1570 vs 593 days). Sun‐exposed locations (intramuscular) will die of metastatic disease prior to
have a better prognosis and an increased overall survival local recurrence.
rate (1085 days vs 539 days for tumors of other loca­
tions). Additionally, dogs with solar changes on histology
such as solar elastosis, superficial dermal fibrosis, and Cat
epidermal dysplasia have an increased overall survival In cats, similarl to dogs, location is a good predictor of
compared to those without solar changes (MST 1549 vs survival. Subcutaneous tumors had a longer MST than
545 days respectively). Of importance to note is that over visceral tumors, and dermal tumors had a longer MST
75% of dogs with dermal HSA will develop additional than subcutaneous tumors. Higher mitotic indices
tumors in the same region of skin over time (usually pre­ (>3/10) were linked to shorter survival.
disposed breeds with the solar‐induced form on their
ventral abdomen).

Further Reading

Clifford CA, Mackin A, Henry C. Treatment of canine Sorenmo KU, Baez J, Clifford C, et al. Efficacy and
hemangiosarcoma: 2000 and beyond. J Vet Intern Med toxicity of a dose‐intensified doxorubicin protocol
2000; 14: 479–85. in canine hemangiosarcoma. J Vet Intern Med 2004;
Dervisis NG, Dominguez P, Newman R, et al. Treatment 18(2): 209–13.
with DAV for advanced‐stage hemangiosarcoma in dogs. Szivek A, Burns R, Gericota B, et al. Clinical outcome in
J Am Anim Hosp Assoc 2011; 47(3): 170–6. 94 cases of dermal haemangiosarcoma in dogs treated
Johannes CM, Henry C, Turnquist S, et al. with surgical excision: 1993–2007. Vet Compar Oncol
Hemangiosarcoma in cats: 53 cases (1992–2002). 2012; 10(1): 65–73.
J Am Vet Med Assoc 2007; 231(12): 1851–6.