Page 648 - Veterinary Immunology, 10th Edition

Dysbiosis, 230
VetBooks.ir Odors, 232

The Virome, 232

Inflammatory Bowel Diseases, 232

LEARNING OBJECTIVES

After you read this chapter, you should be able to:

• Explain how the presence of a dense microbial population on surfaces ensures

that the immune systems operate optimally.
• Understand how the skin microbiota plays a role in regulating skin defenses.
• Explain how the microbiota in the respiratory system influences its defenses as
well as the development of allergies.

• Recognize the importance of the rumen as a source of microbial metabolites.
• Explain how the intestinal microbiota influences the development of lymphoid

organs and the immune system.
• Understand the role of ILC3 cells in regulating immune responses to the
microbiota.

• Describe why the microbiota does not trigger an excessive inflammatory
response.
• Explain how the responses of proinflammatory Th17 cells are counterbalanced

by antiinflammatory Treg cells.
• Explain the adverse effects of dysbiosis on the immune system.
• Explain how the microbiota influences inflammatory and autoimmune disease

development.
• Describe the hygiene hypothesis and explain its significance.
• Understand the role of the microbiota in the development of inflammatory bowel

disease.

As animals evolved over millions of years they were obliged to
develop a relationship with the microbes in their environment. As a
result, the immune systems depend upon the microbiota for their

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