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The Ādam Paradox Hypothesis 33
Neural Substrates in Fossil Brains
Studies of Neanderthal endocasts (Bruner, 2010) show they had large occipital
lobes but smaller parietals, suggesting strong visual-spatial processing but less
emphasis on abstract integration. Modern humans’ globular brains emphasize
parietal association areas — linked to symbolic reasoning and language.
Bruner wrote:
“The difference in parietal morphology may be related to higher-order association functions,
such as visuospatial integration, self-awareness, and symbolic thinking.
” (Bruner, 2010, p.
144)
This suggests that hardware differences were not about size alone — but about
the shape of thought.
Table 5.1 — Brain Hardware Development
Takeaway: The orchestra was built — instruments tuned, hall ready — but the
music did not play.



















































































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