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Daftar Isi
Kata Pengantar ................................................................................................... v
Daftar Isi ............................................................................................................. vii
Daftar Gambar .................................................................................................. xi
Daftar Tabel ....................................................................................................... xiii
Bab 1 Ekologi dan Pengetahuan Lingkungan
1.1 Pendahuluan ................................................................................................. 1
1.2 Definisi Ekologi ........................................................................................... 2
1.3 Sejarah dan Perkembangan Ekologi .......................................................... 3
1.4 Asas Ekologi ................................................................................................ 4
1.5 Ruang Lingkup Ekologi .............................................................................. 6
1.6 Manfaat Ekologi .......................................................................................... 9
1.7 Ekologi Sebagai Basis Ilmu Lingkungan .................................................. 10
Bab 2 Jenis-Jenis Ekosistem
2.1 Ekosistem Darat (Terrestrial) ...................................................................... 13
2.1.1 Ekosistem Hutan Gugur .................................................................... 14
2.1.2 Ekosistem Hutan Tropis .................................................................... 15
2.1.3 Ekosistem Padang Rumput ............................................................... 16
2.1.4 Ekosistem Taiga ................................................................................. 18
2.1.5 Ekosistem Tundra .............................................................................. 19
2.1.6 Ekosistem Gurun ............................................................................... 20
2.2 Ekosistem Air Laut ...................................................................................... 21
2.2.1 Jenis Ekosistem Air Laut .................................................................. 23
2.3 Ekosistem Air Tawar ................................................................................... 28
Bab 3 Daur Energi
3.1 Energi dan Materi Dalam Ekosistem ......................................................... 31
3.2 Model Kerja Transformasi Energi dalam Ekosistem ................................ 33
3.3 Siklus Biogeokimia ..................................................................................... 37
3.3.1 Siklus Karbon ...................................................................................... 37
3.3.2 Siklus Nitrogen ................................................................................... 42
3.3.3 Siklus Sulfur ........................................................................................ 44
3.3.4 Siklus Fosfor ....................................................................................... 48
