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table 2: drivers for the adoption of energy management systems
drivers for adoption of sustainable energy management systems in residential buildings
references
Energy poverty
Monyei and Adewumi 2018; Smith et al. 2022
Energy security
Trollip et al. 2014
Population rises
Numbi and Malinga 2017
Reduction of global warming
Trollip et al. 2014; Numbi and Malinga 2017; Yousaf et al. 2021
High energy cost
Siecker et al. 2022; Numbi and Malinga 2017; Mbungu et al. 2020; Monyei and Adewumi 2018; Wanjiru and Xia 2017; Kusakana 2017; Ratshomo 2021)
Load shedding
Siecker et al. 2022
Resource depletion
Kuhe and Bisu 2020; Van Wyk et al. 2021; Yousaf et al. 2021
Reduction of energy demand
RAArro-Cano et al. 2020
Detailed support from energy experts
Jain et al. 2022
Commitment from top management
Jovanović and Filipović 2016
Reduction of energy tax
(Zhao et al. 2019
Enhancing energy efficiency
Lee and Cheng 2016
Improved facility performance
Mirzaeinia and Hassanalian 2019
Enhancement of the property value
Mirzaeinia and Hassanalian 2019
Improvement in functionality of the residential building
Yang et al. 2017
Theme three: Barriers to energy management systems usage in residential buildings
EMSs are becoming increasingly important in our modern world, yet many property owners, residents, and property managers struggle to adopt them for various reasons. According to the studies undertaken, these include lack of awareness, lack of management commitment, lack of
table 3: Barriers to usage of energy management systems
knowledge, lack of funds, shortage of technicians, the non-existence of local manufacturers, lack of incentives, high initial cost, high repair costs, distrust and resistance to energy management technology, and limited availability of EMSs.
The barriers are shown in Table 3.
Barriers
references
Lack of awareness of energy management systems
Hassan et al. 2017; Qazi et al. 2019
Lack of management commitment to energy management
Hassan et al. 2017
Lack of knowledge about energy management systems
Hassan et al. 2017; Rastegar et al. 2018
Lack of funds for energy management systems
Balta-Ozkan et al. 2013; Hassan et al. 2017
Shortage of technicians for energy management technologies
Hassan et al. 2017; Sooriyaarachchi et al. 2015
The non-existence of local manufacturers of energy management equipment
Hassan et al. 2017; Mengelkamp et al. 2018
Lack of incentives for efficient energy management
Brunke et al. 2014; Zipperer et al. 2013
The high initial cost of energy management technologies
Balta-Ozkan et al. 2013; Brunke et al. 2014; Hassan et al. 2017
High repair costs of energy management technologies
Balta-Ozkan et al. 2013; Tie and Tan 2013
Distrust and resistance to energy management technology by the property owners
Tie and Tan 2013
Limited availability of energy management systems
Gutierrez-Martinez et al. 2019
Lack of security and privacy
Aman et al. 2013
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