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Lessons 2-5

Read the following then answer the questions below.

God has released incredible forces to produce mountains. Under the
continents, the crust of the earth is about 40 kilometres, or 25 miles

thick. In some places under the oceans, it is only 5-8 km thick.

The crust is made up of sections called plates which can move. When

they push towards each other earthquakes and other things can occur;
mountains are pushed up from the sea-bed or from the land. These
mountains are called fold mountains.

Fold mountains are made up of various layers, or beds, of rock. Rivers
deposit mud, called sediment, down into layers as they flow along. The

layers of mud are turned into layers of rock called rock beds by

pressure packing the mud down. The rock formed is called sedimentary
rock. These rocks can be pushed into many different shapes.

The Andes and Himalayas are fold mountains as are Pen Y Fan and Corn
Du in the Brecon Beacons in Wales.

1. How many miles thick is the earth’s crust under the continents?

2. The earth’s crust is made up of sections called

3. What is the rock called which is formed from river deposits?

4. Name two ranges of fold mountains.

a) b)

(God's Amazing Landscapes) 41