Page 44 - OSEP Educator LG

VARK Theory

Different people prefer to learn in different ways.

One way of grouping different learning styles is using Neil Fleming’s Visual, Aural, Read/
Write, Kinesthetic learning preferences (VARK). While people have the capacity to use all
their senses for learning, most tend to have a preference for one or two methods.

Types of learners Each type are best supported by using the following
delivery methods

Visual learners  Posters, charts and  Plenty of white space
graphs on material
Visual learners prefer the use of
images, maps, and graphic  Images  Lots of variety in shapes
organizers to access and  Practical and colours
demonstrations  Video, DVD or Power
understand new information.
 Diagrams Point presentations
 Written material  Written material (for
(handouts, workbooks, example, booklets, and
brochures) brochures)

Auditory learners  Question and answer  Songs or slogans

Auditory learners best understand  Participating in talks  Lectures or audio CDs
new content through listening and (discussion)  Use of variety in tone,
speaking in situations such as  Pairs and group work pitch and volume of
lectures and group discussions.  Role plays voice
Aural learners use repetition as a  Debates and speeches
study technique and benefit from
the use of mnemonic devices.

Reading and writing learners  Lists  Textbooks

Participants with strong reading/  Headings  Readings – library
writing preference learn best  Dictionaries  Notes (often verbatim)
through words. These students may  Glossaries  Essays
present themselves as copious note  Definitions  Manuals
takers or avid readers, and are able  Handouts
to translate abstract concepts into
words and essays

Kinesthetic learners  Hands-on activities  ‘Having a go’
Participants who are kinesthetic  Team and group  Reflecting
learners best understand activities  Role plays
information through tactile  Demonstrations,  Discussion where they
representations of information. experimenting, practice can really get involved
These participants are hands on or coaching others
learners and learn best through  Taking notes
figuring things out by hand (i.e.
understanding how a clock works by  Outdoor activities
putting one together).

Page 42 OSEP Educator Learner’s Guide