Page 12 - Aerotech News and Review, Oct 5 2018 - NASA Anniversary Special

NASA facilities
NASA’s facilities are research, con- struction and communication centers to help its missions. Some facilities serve more than one application for historic or administrative reasons. NASA also operates a short-line railroad at the Ken- nedy Space Center and owns special air- craft. Kennedy Space Center is one of the best-known NASA facilities. It has been the launch site for every United States human space flight since 1968. Although such flights are currently on pause, KSC continues to manage and operate unmanned rocket launch facili- ties for America’s civilian space program from three pads at the adjoining Cape Canaveral Air Force Station.
Lyndon B. Johnson Space Center in Houston is home to the Christopher C. Kraft Jr. Mission Control Center, where all flight control is managed for manned space missions. JSC is the lead NASA center for activities regarding the Inter- national Space Station and also houses the NASA Astronaut Corps that selects, trains, and provides astronauts as crew members for U.S. and international space missions.
The NASA Neil A. Armstrong Flight Research Center is an aeronautical re- search center operated by NASA, and its primary campus is located inside Ed- wards Air Force Base. It is considered NASA’s premier site for aeronautical research.
AFRC operates some of the most advanced aircraft in the world and is
known for many aviation firsts, includ- ing critical support for the first manned airplane to exceed the speed of sound in level flight with the Bell X-1, highest speed ever recorded by a manned, pow- ered aircraft (North American X-15), the first pure digital fly-by-wire aircraft (F-8 DFBW), and many others. AFRC also operates a second site in Palmdale, Ca- lif., that was once the former Rockwell International/North American Aircraft production facility, at Air Force Plant 42.
There, AFRC houses and operates several of NASA’s Science Mission Directorate aircraft including SOFIA (Stratospheric Observatory For Infrared Astronomy), a DC-8 Flying Laboratory, a Gulfstream C-20A UAVSAR and ER-2 High Altitude Platform.
On March 1, 2014, the facility was renamed in honor of Neil Armstrong, a former test pilot at the center and the first human being to walk on the surface of the moon. The center was previously known as the Dryden Flight Research Center (DFRC) from March 26, 1976, in honor of Hugh L. Dryden, a prominent aeronautical engineer who at the time of his death in 1965 was NASA’s deputy administrator. It has also previously been known as the National Advisory Com- mittee for Aeronautics Muroc Flight Test Unit (1945), the NACA High- Speed Flight Research Station (1949), the NACA High-Speed Flight Station (1954), the NASA High-Speed Flight Station (1958) and the NASA Flight
Research Center (1959).
AFRC was also the home of the Shut-
tle Carrier Aircraft, a modified Boeing 747 designed to carry a Space Shuttle orbiter back to Kennedy Space Center if one landed at Edwards.
Another major facility is Marshall Space Flight Center in Huntsville, Ala., at which the Saturn 5 rocket and Skylab were developed.[158] The JPL worked together with ABMA, one of the agen- cies behind Explorer 1, the first Ameri- can space mission.
The 10 NASA field centers are:
• John F. Kennedy Space Center, Fla.
• Ames Research Center, Moffett Field, Calif.
• Armstrong Flight Research Center (formerly Hugh L. Dryden Flight Re- search Facility), Edwards, Calif.
• Goddard Space Flight Center, Greenbelt, Md.
• Jet Propulsion Laboratory, near Pasadena, Calif.
• Lyndon B. Johnson Space Center, Houston, Texas
• Langley Research Center, Hampton, Va.
• John H. Glenn Research Center, Cleveland, Ohio
• George C. Marshall Space Flight Center, Huntsville, Ala.
• John C. Stennis Space Center, Bay St. Louis, Miss.
Numerous other facilities are oper- ated by NASA, including the Wallops Flight Facility in Wallops Island, Va.; the Michoud Assembly Facility in New Orleans, La.; the White Sands Test Facil- ity in Las Cruces, N.M.; and Deep Space Network stations in Barstow, Calif.; Ma- drid, Spain; and Canberra, Australia.
An aerial view of NASA’s Armstrong Flight Reseach Center at Edwards, Calif.
NASA photograph
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October 5, 2018