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• The Mexican Constitution of 1917 recognized the labor rights and social orders of the
people.
• The 1980 Iran-Iraq War was a result of concern around the world that Ayatollah
Khomeini and his Islamic regime might affect the tenuous balance of alliances within the
Muslim world.
Recommended Resources
From Dawn to Decadence: 1500 to Present . (Jacques Barzun): Perennial, 2001.
Heritage of World Civilizations, Combined Brief Edition,The . (Albert M. Craig, et. al.): Prentice Hall, 2001.
This book includes an interactive CD-ROM.
Mastering Modern World History . (Norman Lowe): Palgrave Macmillan, 2005.
Modern European History . (Birdsall S. Viault): McGraw Hill, 1990.
National Geographic History Almanac of World History . (Pat Daniels and Steve Hyslop): National
Geographic Society, 2003.
Penguin History of Europe,The. (J. M. Roberts): Penguin Books, 1998.
US History & Civics
United States History
Lesson Objective
The upcoming section focuses on U.S. history. The review will cover the colonists’ struggle for
independence from England, and how the newborn United States struggled to keep itself together
through the Civil War.
Previously Covered
The previous lessons covered world events from the ancient civilizations in Mesopotamia to the conflicts
in the Middle East. These sections reviewd how humans and the way they live together has changed over
the centuries.
The Pre-Columbian Era and the First Colonists
Pre-Columbian is a misnomer that refers to the time on the American continents before widespread
European influence. While Christopher Columbus is Europe’s most well-known explorer of the New World,
there were others before him (such as Italy’s John Cabot, who landed in Newfoundland in 1497), but
Columbus's name has become synonymous with European influence in the Americas. Millions of people
lived in the so-called New World before European explorers set foot on the mainland of what would
become the colonies and later the United States of America.