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The Story of the C.W.S.                                  "
         The vested interests in the way were a gigantic evil; and they should be
         determined to get into their own hands the control of the water and the gas and
         other similar public affairs, and break down these vested interests for ever by
         paying them out at fair rates, and get all the advantages for themselves. We
         want no spoliation; we want full freedom for the entire body politic to manage
         its own affairs in its own interest.  Co-operators should fight for the general
         good, and insist on improved government for London.
         Before  "  99, Leraan Street " was completed, a far-sighted purchase
         of land had been made (1886) on the other side of the way, where
         eventually  "  100, Leman Street " arose.
            The new building that stood up in VVhitechapel testified to the
         C.W.S. in a city where such evidence most was needed.  Yet the
         cost for some time told heavily upon the weaker departments of
         drapery and other "dry goods."  One might almost say  it forced
         some of them to confess their actual state.  For although the weight
         of the statutory depreciations could be given in good faith as the
         reason for the losses of 1888-9. a second cause was twice indicated.
         This was the trouble previously experienced at Manchester, a trouble
         always apt  to  recur.  Provided  they remain  eatable,  general
         groceries have always some value;  but last year's mantle or hat,
         buttons or trimmings, or even prints and shirtings, may be like last
         week's newspaper.  It was because of these personal and fleeting
         elements of taste and fashion which he had more obviously to
         consider that the draper's young man used to consider himself as
         some degree above his fellow shop-assistant behind  the grocery
         counter.  In the early part of 1889 there was a change of manage-
         ment.   Mr. Waddington, the present head, who had  seen the
         beginnings of the drapery departments at Manchester and Newcastle,
         and had come to London in 1881, was now put in charge.  The
         drapery stocks were  " carefully revalued  "  and specially depreciated
         by  " some hundreds of pounds; " and again at the end of the year
         stock was cleared out by means of special sales at a loss of £600.
         Further  depreciations  followed,  until  the  " palatial  structure
         of the soaring Southern  co-operators was sharply criticised  at
         Newcastle.  During 1890, however, the position became  "fairl}^
         satisfactory," and in 1891 a net profit was recorded, after which the
         drapery departments ceased to  call  for  special mention  in the
         general returns of London Branch prosperity.
            The reader may be tiring of the records of new buildings and
         extensions, and therefore one may pass lightly over the beginning
         made at Longton in 1886.  It grew out of the furnishing trade.
         The purchase and collection of pottery m the Potteries instead of
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