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5.1 Noise

Introduction

Noise is referred as unpleasant or unwanted sound; sound becomes unwanted when it
interferes with our normal such as conversation or sleep.

Noise at work can cause hearing damage that is permanent and disabling. This can be hearing
loss that is gradual because of exposure to noise over time, but also damage caused by sudden,
extremely loud noises.

Exposure to Noise is measured in units of sound pressure levels called decibels, using an A-
weighted sound levels (dBA).

However, hearing loss happens not only at the workplace, even listening to loud music, live
concerts may cause hearing damage to both young and elderly people.

High level of noise refers to exposure to continuous noise (Time Weighted Average – over 8
hours/day) of more than 80 db(A) without precautions being taken.

The higher the noise level can result in more hearing damage, requires a high level of controls in
place.

Occupations at Risk

• Manufacturing – loud machinery, compressed air, etc.
• Construction / mining - the use of powered tools produced noise over 85db. e.g. Jack
hammers
• Entertainment / nightlife – DJs, bartender expose to high level of noise above 100db.
• Military – gun fires and explosion.

Physical Effects of Hearing Exposure to Noise

• Exposure to a high level of noise can lead to NIHL (Noise induced hearing loss).
• Loud sounds can cause the hair cells of the inner ear to collapse and flatten temporarily,
resulting in deafness, the hearing loss may be temporary or permanent, the temporary
hearing could cause tinnitus.
• Exposure to noise repeatedly over years can cause irreversible hearing damage.
• Inability to hear hazards moving vehicles, emergency alarms and sirens.
• Noise causes difficulty in listening to a conversation or instructions.

Psychological Effects of Noise

• Stress – caused by unpleasant/background noise.
• Human error – lower productivity caused by difficulty in concentrating because of
unpleasant/background noise.
• Hypertension – there are evidence that noise causes hypertension.

ENSIGN | Unit IG2 – Element 5 – Physical and Psychological 1
Health