Page 479 - Green - Maritime Archaeology: A Technical Handbook. 2nd ed

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Index
Excavation (continued) water jet, 258
water probe, 258
work platforms, 246–251
Exhibitions, for cultural resource management, 379
Explosives
Batavia wreck site excavation, 268f in excavation, 267
Exposure meters
for artifact photography, 328–330 for field photography, 220
F
Fiber pens, for artifact drawing, 298 Field photography
darkroom equipment, 223 digital cameras, 217–218 equipment transport, 223 exposure meters, 220
film, 222–223
flash and artificial light, 221–222 general considerations, 216–217 general underwater, see General
underwater photography Nikonos system, 218–220 overview, 225–226
scales, 224–225
technical type, 231–232
video cameras, 233
FileMaker Pro database, for artifact
photography collections, 342–343 Film
for artifact drawing, 294–295 erasing ink lines, 309–310
for field photography, 222–223
Fisher, Mel, and Atocha wreck site, 403 Fisherman, in search and survey, 86 Flash
in artifact photography, 331–332
for field photography, 221–222 Fluorescent light, in artifact photography,
331
Footnotes, as referencing system, 394 Forward bearing, in distance-angle survey, 92
G
Gaussian distribution, example, 148f Geldermalsen wreck site
Christie’s sales, 6 initial search, 6
Gelidonya wreck site, historical material, 356
General field photography, overview, 225–226
General underwater photography backscatter problem, 231 Batavia timbers, 276f
digital camera advantages, 231 photo impact, 226
photo type planning, 227–228 pooling effect, 230
poor visibility, 229
special dives, 228
staging, 228–229
time exposures, 230
turbid water conditions, 229–230
Geographical information systems abilities, 210
Deepwater Graveyard, 71f excavation, 213
Galle Harbour, Sri Lanka search pattern, 212f
groupings and patterns, 210–211 programs, 209
site distribution, 214
survey, 211–213
text data, 210
Georeferenced historical map, example, 210f GeoTIFF images
from GIS survey, 212–213 side scan sonar, 83f, 213f and sonar mosaic, 82
GIS, see Geographical information systems Global Positioning System
coordinate systems, 50 differential GPS, 45–46 errors, 48–49 hand-held unit, 44f and magnetometer, 65 opportunities with, 1 overview, 43
position fixing, see Position fixing position plots, 47f
projections, 49–50
in search and survey, overview, 23 survey pole location, 33–34 theodolite-based system, 40
in visual search, 57
Glue, for laying up photomosaics, 179 Government, and cultural resource
management, 378