Page 228 - PG 504-theoretical notes-phyto-1-2024-2025..

Clinical pharmacy PharmD program Third level Phytochemistry-1 (PG-504)

• Synthetic camphor can be obtained from alpha-pinene.

• Synthetic camphor usually gives a positive test for
chloride ions due to the use of HCl in its preparation and

this is the basic differentiation between natural and
synthetic camphor

• Camphor and borneol are always together since borneol is the precursor of camphor.
For resolving a mixture of borneol and camphor:
• convert camphor to its oxime which is water soluble while borneol can be extracted by
ether, camphor can be regenerated from its oxime by addition of alkali.
• Borneol can be estrified as stearate which possesses a high boiling point while
camphor can be distilled off
• Borneol form a soluble acid phathalate or succinate leaving camphor to be extracted
with organic solvent as ether or chloroform.

VII- Nitrogen Containing Compounds

Skatole

• Skatole can be obtained as a degradation product of strychnine by action of soda lime.
• Skatole is used in perfumery as fixative. CH
• Skatole is insect attractant 3

VIII- Sulfur Containing Compounds N
H
1- Allyl isothiocyanate

• Occurrence: as sinigrin in black mustard seed

• Preparation: ground seeds are soaked in water for 5 hr at 37-40 ºC to induce
enzymatic action, then the produced oil is steam distilled

• Synthetic allyl isothiocyanate is prepared by refluxing allyle chloride with NaSCN in
alcohol followed by distillation
• Properties: pungent irritating odour & acid taste

• Uses: Locally as rubefacient & in flavouring food especially mustards.

209