Page 44 - Pharmacognosy 2 PG303 (1)

Pharmacognosy-2 (PG303) Level 2 Clinical Pharmacy-Pharm D

Drupe: A simple fleshy fruit with a single seed enclosed by a hard, stony endocarp. Sometimes these are
called stone fruits e.g., peach.
Hesperidium: A berry with a leathery rind e.g., orange and lemon.

Pepo: A berry with hard, thick rind e.g., Watermelon.
B‐ Dry fruits:

1-Dry Indehiscent:
In which the pericarp remains closed (seeds remain inside the pericarp).
Achene (monocarperally ovary):
Pericarp surrounding a single seed and separated from the seed coat (testa).e.g. Strawberry.

Caryopsis (Grain):
Achene but pericarp fused with testa. e.g. Maize
Cypsela:
Achene derived from bicarpellary syncarpous ovary, fruits of Compositae plants.
Nut:
Achene but pericarp become hard and very woody.
Samara:

Achene with wing. e.g. sycamore.
2- Dry dehiscent:
In which the pericarp is opened to liberate seeds.
Follicle
➢ Single carpel.

➢ Split along one side (ventral suture).

Legume or Pod (monocarperally ovary)

➢ Single carpel.
➢ Split along two sides (ventral and dorsal sutures).

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