Page 37 - Insurance Times November 2022

banks who own insurers and the likes of LIC which not only other firms produce and disclose high-quality, consistent
owns a bank but is a major investor in the likes of Coal India information about the climate-related risks and that they
and the National Thermal Power Corporation of India carefully manage those risks. These issues are also the focus
(NTPC). of a substantial amount of work in international forums in
which CFR agencies participate. Each CFR agency uses these
Amongst the top 20 financial actors in the world owning half connections to inform domestic policy and to consider the
of the world's oil-gas-coal emissions is HDFC Asset implications for Australian entities' participation in global
Management, do players like this stay off the radar?[ii] financial markets.
Likewise, Indian banks need to account for climate risk with
$84B at stake, warns nonprofit: CDP findings, as reported "You can't stock-pick your way out of environmental collapse,
by S&P[iii]. superannuation boss warns". David Neal, whose IFM
Investors manages $200bn, says global heating could slash
Superannuation and managed funds: portfolios by up to 40%. Pension funds must use their global
power as big investors to push "the new clean economy" to
Lessons from Australia
avoid an environmental collapse.
For superannuation and managed funds in Australia, asset
valuation risk is typically borne by the investor, not the
"They will and are impacting our entire economy. And these
trustee. So while investment funds seeking to maximise the
impacts will compound such that future market returns will
return for investors need to take into account the impact
deteriorate and many of the superannuation members we
that climate change will have on asset prices, the trustee
are investing for will have much lower retirement incomes
does not face the physical and transitional risks of climate
as a result."
change. But assessing the sensitivity of the return on
particular investments to climate change is difficult, given
He said a disorderly transition to net zero emissions by 2035
the inconsistent and incomplete information available. That
was conservatively estimated to slash 14%, or US$7tn, from
said, while super funds don't operate as direct channels of
pension assets if not done in an orderly way. "That's a lot of
financial stability risks from climate change, they could
pensions not paid," he said. "That's a lot of workers delaying
become indirect channels if they were to contribute to rapid
their retirement and a lot of workers with a less dignified
price falls through large sales.
retirement. It also constitutes a failure of our fiduciary
obligations to investors."
There is also the third risk related to climate change, and
that is liability risk. Insurers, banks and super fund trustees
Rabobank and the Dutch way
all face liability risk if they do not disclose, address and
Here's an excellent piece from Lorenzo Migliorato at
manage the effects of climate change sufficiently for their
Risk.net dissecting Rabobank's recent downgrading of its
customers and owners. Ensuring they provide detailed
agricultural loans because of heightened climate transition
information on their exposure to climate risk is important
risk:
in managing liability risk.
"The world's governments are yet to clearly articulate the
Financial regulators and climate change
nitty-gritty of net-zero policies, and the costs may be borne
financial risk by companies seemingly far removed from the sectors more
Given financial regulatory agencies have mandates directly responsible for most emissions. As governments set
covering the efficiency and stability of the financial system, climate targets in stone through legislation, draconian
they have a strong interest in the effects of climate portfolio-level moves like Rabobank's may become a regular
change. For this reason, the Council of Financial Regulators fixture of banks' risk management."
(CFR) - comprising the Australian Prudential Regulation
What does it take for a €10.3 billion loan ($10.5 billion)
Authority (APRA), the Australian Securities and
portfolio to deteriorate in quality overnight? A market
Investments Commission (ASIC), the Reserve Bank and the
Australian Treasury - created a Climate Working Group back seizure? A trading mishap? A pandemic? For Rabobank, it
was the unveiling of plans by the Dutch government to make
in 2017.
the country's air safer to breathe. Measures outlined in June
To fulfil their mandates in the face of climate change, the by prime minister Mark Rutte's cabinet to tackle the
CFR agencies seek to ensure that financial institutions and Netherlands' longstanding nitrogen oxide pollution problem

32 November 2022 The Insurance Times