Page 80 - Perfect English Grammar: The Indispensable Guide to Excellent Writing and Speaking

Future perfect says that at a certain future time, a specific event will have
happened.

■ I will have eaten. I am going to have eaten.

■ I will have called. I am going to have called.

■ I will have read. I am going to have read.

Future perfect progressive says that at a certain future time, a continuous
event will have been happening.

■ I will have been eating. I will have been going to eat.
■ I will have been calling. I will have been going to call.

■ I will have been reading. I will have been going to read.

6.5 Mood

Don’t be misled into thinking mood is about emotions. Instead, it refers to
whether or not something is a fact.

Indicative mood tells us things that are true. It is by far the most common.

Subjunctive mood suggests possibility, wishes, or hypotheticals, especially
in contradiction to what is true.

The subjunctive has been on a long, slow decline in English. Where the

subjunctive has traditionally been used, it is now often replaced by what appears
to be the simple present or simple past. I say appears, because what we may be

seeing is not the vanishing of the subjunctive, but instead a simplification of its
forms. In other words, it still functions as the subjunctive, but it takes the same

form as other tenses. For example, both of these sentences suggest a hypothetical
situation, even though their verb forms are different.

■ If you were to come with me, we could have lunch.
■ If you came with me, we could have lunch.

Imperative mood makes a verb into a command. It uses the second person,