Page 11 - The Investigation of Integrative, Instrumental, Intrinsic and Extrinsic Motivation of Language learners in the foreign settings

426 Journal of English Language Teaching and Learning. No. 27/ Spring & Summer 2021

Moreover, it was found that the instrumental orientation correlated
most strongly with the extrinsic motivation, and the knowledge, travel,
and friendship orientations were considerably correlated by the intrinsic
motivation. These researchers, however, did not describe the
connection between the integrative orientation and the intrinsic and
extrinsic sub-types of the self- determination theory.

In a subsequent analysis, Noels et al (2001) replicated a previous
research on intrinsic and extrinsic motivation for language leaning in
French Canadian students of English to understand to what extent the
findings could be generalized to other similar contexts. The study also
examined the relations between intrinsic and extrinsic motivation and
the integrative orientation.

The results showed that there was a correlational connection
between the motivation orientations of the Canadian French English
language learners (participated in Noels et al. (2001)) and English
French language learners (participated in Noels et al. (1999)). The
results also showed that the integrative orientation was much more
similar to intrinsic forms motivation of self-determination theory, and
this was in line with findings reported in Noels et al. (1999). It was also
reported that the integrative orientation could predict
achievement/success in L2 learning because speaking with native
speakers of the target culture required accurate grammar and fluent
speech motivating the learners to work hard in L2 classes (Noels et al.,
2001).

In summary, these studies illustrate that the instrumental orientation
correlates with extrinsic motivation whereas integrative orientation
correlates with intrinsic motivation. Research on L2 learning
motivation and the impacts of integrative and instrumental orientations
on students’ L2 success, it seems that it is essential to examine the sub-
type theories (intrinsic and extrinsic types of motivation) of self-
determination theory from various contextual dimensions.

In language learning context, intrinsic motivation refers to the
amount of effort that learners make to learn an L2/foreign language