Page 121 - Pharmacognosy 2 PG303
P. 121

Pharmacognosy-2 (PG303)  Level 2                                  Clinical Pharmacy-Pharm D

Powder

         It is greyish green in color with an aromatic odor and pungent taste. It is characterized
microscopically by the presence of the following:

    1- Fragments of both the upper and lower epidermis with slight wavy anticlinal walls and
         diacytic stomata.

    2- Non- glandular and orange- red labiaceous trichomes.
    3- Fragment of the vein islet show no crystals of calcium oxalate.
    4- Neural epidermal cells with capitate trichomes.
    5- Fragments of the lamina show the dorsiventral structure of the mesophyll with two palisade

         layers.
    6- Fragments of spiral, reticulate and pitted vessels.
    7- Spheroidal pollen grains and fibrous layer of anther.

Constituents

         Volatile oil (1- 2.6%) contains 20- 30% mainly thymol, carvacrol and p- cymol in addition
to borneol and linalool.

Uses

    1- Carminative and gastrointestinal disinfectant.
    2- Antispasmodic.
    3- The oil is used as a counter irritant for rheumatic pain.
    4- Condiment and in the flavoring of meat, fish and soup.

Chemical tests

Test for thymol
Thyme oil (3 drops) + glacial acetic acid (3 ml) + H2SO4 (6 drops) + HNO3 (1 drop)

               deep bluish green color.

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