Page 68 - Ilmu Tanah Book

The Chemistry and Fertility of Soils under Tropical Weeds 55

were also observed in grasslands and shifting cultivation lands. Grassland
decreased from 18.44% after 12 years from 1978 to 1.12% in 1990. The secondary
forest decreased from 16.20% in 1978 to 10.79% in 1984. A significant increase in
the secondary forest in the period of 1984 to 1990 was probably due to primary
forest conversion to secondary forest or replanting by reboisation project
conducted by the goverment. On the other hand, the monoculture plantation,
particularly those planted with coffee, increased drastically after six years from
20.83% in 1978 to 41.77% in 1984 (Salam et al., 1998b). The coverage of mixed
plantation also increased drastically from less than 1% in 1978 – 1984 to almost
20% in 1990. The increase in coverage was also observed for paddy fields,
residencial areas, and ponds. Observation in the field showed also that the land
conversion were still progressing and were intensified by the development of
human population and economic pressures.

Table 4.1. The changes in the land-use percentages in West Lampung,
Indonesia, in the period of 1978 – 1990* (after Salam, 2014).

No. Land-Use 1978 1984 1990
1 Primary Forest 32.60 21.39 12.72
2 Secondary Forest 16.20 10.79 18.05

3 Grass Lands 18.44 16.98 1.12
4 Dry Lands (Food Plants 2.20 1.07 0.12
and Vegetables)
5 Dry Lands (Shifting 4.81 0.33 0.00
Cultivation)
6 Plantations 20.83 41.77 41.11

(Monoculture)
7 Plantations (Mixed) 0.93 0.95 19.26
8 Paddy Fields 2.92 5.02 5.35
9 Ponds 0.03 0.01 0.07
10 Residence Areas 1.03 1.70 2.20
*Adapted from Salam et al. (1998b)

Abdul Kadir Salam and Nanik Sriyani – 2019