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The PDPA generally follows a consent-based approach, and there are principles therein which support the concept of Big
Data and the development of a Smart Nation. For one, the PDPA is non-prescriptive and centered largely on the notion of
“reasonableness”. Since the concept of “reasonableness” is not rigidly defined in the PDPA, it allows organizations a
certain extent of flexibility in the use of personal data under their control.
PDPC is currently supporting national reviews of key data governance issues, and providing advice on personal data
protection issues such as the types of personal data that should be handled, as well as how such data can be classified,
and anonymized. With data protection issues being considered from the infrastructure level up, and ultimately ensuring
that the Smart Nation initiatives are trusted by all stakeholders.

11 Conclusions and Next Steps

Leveraging on the valuable contributions provided from the different stakeholders to this report, the following
conclusion and key takeaways could be derived:

Smart City Definition - Opportunities and Challenges:
• Having a common understanding of the definition of Smart City and Connected City should be the starting point for
a wider discussion on the challenges and opportunities cities are having – “Smart city involves an ecosystem
platform of multi-stakeholders and utilizes integrated information and communication technology systems, ICT,
and data analytics, to transform its culture, its structure, its operations, and economic development, and citizens'
engagement, to manage complexity and dynamically improve and enhance quality of life”;

• Identifying the different players and their roles within the Smart City value chain is essential for a proper and
valuable collaboration. Citizens, City Authorities, Private Sector, Innovators/Entrepreneurs and Academia all have a
relevant role to play in the development of a smarter city;

• Understanding the challenges and opportunities that arise from the Smart City will be a fast track to accelerate the
development of the building blocks for a Smart City;

• Smart Cities are more than just the implementation of various technologies. “Smart” does not only refer to
technology or sensors. Smart is a concept and new kind of culture for how cities and its agencies can work more
effectively both internally, with partner agencies and organizations and, of course, with their citizens. Smart is a
way of transforming from the way things have always been done. Smart Cities are not a destination to arrive at, but
a new process for managing how cities and agencies work;
Technology Benefits:

• Essential for cities to know and visualize the benefits from the different technologies available today and in the
near future to pursue a more effective connected city and efficient collaboration with the other stakeholders;

• Unlicensed, Licensed, Broadband, Wireless, Internet of Things (IoT), Industry Collaboration Forums, among others,
are all key technological elements that cities need to embrace to foster their connectivity plans and maximize their
resources;

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