Page 31 - ASME_NEMB_2016_Program

TRACK 2 TRACK 2 Technical Program

for Glioma Treatments TRACK 3 NANO AND MICROFLUIDICS

Technical Presentation. NEMB2016-5902
MONDAY, FEBRUARY, 22
Shaolie Hossain, Texas Heart Institute, Houston, TX, United States,
Shailendra Joshi, Columbia University, New York, NY, United States
3-1
Although intra-arterial (IA) drug have been extensively investigated in the FLOW AND TRANSPORT DEVICES I
past, no pharmacokinetic model accurately describes this method of drug
delivery. The failure is in part due to the hydrodynamic complexities that
superimposed on regional pharmacokinetics. Nanoparticles are considered Hidalgo 9:30am - 11:00am
important vehicles for targeted release of drugs to treat brain cancers and
other focal neurological diseases. The regional deposition of nanoparticle Session Organizer: Salman R. Khetani, University of Illinois at Chi-
is a dynamic balance between the forces of particle attachment and hydro- cago, Chicago, IL, United States
dynamic forces that tend to dislodge them. Few computational models have
explored the relationship of regional nanoparticle delivery after IA injec- 9:30am Engineering NanoFluidic Cell Access
tions. Optically tagged nanoparticles can provide a valuable insight into the
pharmacokinetics of IA drug delivery. In the present work we describe the
predicted and observed behavior of nanoparticles after intracarotid injec- Keynote. NEMB2016-5935
tions. In these simulations we sought to determine how the size and charge
delivery affects endothelial nanoparticle deposition. Both experimental and Nicholas Melosh, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, United States
observed data supported the improvement in regional tissue deposition with
transient cerebral hypoperfusion, cationic charge and larger particle size. The cell’s lipid membrane is one of the most vital cell components as the
This computational model that includes regional blood flow, injection profile gate-keeper in and out of the cytoplasm and a critical barrier to integrating
and anatomical parameters provides the conceptual framework to under- technology with biological cells. Newly discovered forms cancer therapy
stand and improve intraarterial drug delivery to avoid complications and and future biological technologies rely upon manipulating chemical or elec-
failures observed during IA chemotherapy. tronic flow across this membrane. Unfortunately, artificially controlling ac-
cess through the lipid layer is surprisingly difficult; current techniques often
10:40am Rotation-facilitated rapid transport of nanorods in mu- involve harsh chemicals or creating holes that cause cell cytotoxicity. Here
cosal tissues we investigate how scaling fluidic technology to the nanoscale can pro-
vide non-perturbative access through the cell wall and into biological cells,
providing a long-term communication channel for chemical or biological
Technical Presentation. NEMB2016-5921 signals. We achieved high-efficiency chemical delivery and control by mim-
icking natural gap junction proteins, creating arrays of “nanostraws”. These
Xinghua Shi, Institute of Mechanics, CAS, Beijing, Beijing, China nanoscale (100-500 nm) diameter straws are formed by templating high-as-
pect ratio pores, allowing precise control of height, diameter and thickness.
Mucus is a viscoelastic gel layer that typically protects exposed surfaces of The nanostraws deliver a wide variety of materials that could normally not
the gastrointestinal (GI) tract, lung airways, and other mucosal tissues. Par- pass through the cell wall, yet do not disturb natural cell function. Models of
ticles targeted to these tissues can be efficiently trapped and removed by how these materials penetrate the lipid bilayer show that a simple impaling
mucus, thereby limiting the effectiveness of such drug delivery systems. In mechanism is insufficient, but instead rely upon cellular traction forces to
this study, we experimentally and theoretically demonstrated that cylindrical drive membrane rupture.
nanoparticles (NPs), such as mesoporous silica nanorods, have superior
transport and trafficking capability in mucus compared with spheres of the Surprisingly, we discovered that these nanoscale conduits can not only
same chemistry. The higher diffusivity of nanorods leads to deeper mucus deliver material into cells, but also can extract minute quantities of cellular
penetration and a longer retention time in the GI tract than that of their proteins and small molecules out. Our data shows that intracellular contents
spherical counterparts. Molecular simulations and stimulated emission of de- from thousands of cells down to even a single cell can be non-destructively
pletion (STED) microscopy revealed that this anomalous phenomenon can sampled and quantitatively analyzed multiple times over the course of one
be attributed to the rotational dynamics of the NPs facilitated by the mucin fi- week, a feat which has not been previously possible. This advance enables
bers and the shear flow. These findings shed new light on the shape design new studies of how cells temporally evolve within fully interconnected cell
of NP-based drug delivery systems targeted to mucosal and tumor sites that monolayers in response to different therapies and lineage drivers. These,
possess a fibrous structure/porous medium. and other similar nanofluidic technologies, open a new area for engineered
devices to play a leading role in future biological technologies and health-
care.

10:00am A Microfluidic Platform for Transformation of Bacteria
with Variable Electric Fields

Technical Presentation. NEMB2016-6131

Paulo Garcia, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge,
MA, United States, Jeffrey Moran, Zhifei Ge, MIT, Cambridge, MA,
United States, Cullen Buie, Massachusetts Institute of Technology,
Cambridge, MA, United States

Electroporation is an established microbiology and biotechnological tool that
results from exposure of cells to external electric fields of sufficient strength
to disrupt the plasma membrane of microorganisms. The exposure of the 31
microorganisms to the external electric fields induces an increase in the
local trans-membrane voltage (TMV). When the local TMV exceeds a critical