Page 12 - Essencials of Sociology

ConTEnTS xi

Tilting the Tests: Discrimination By IQ 412 Rituals 423
Stacking the Deck: Unequal Funding 412 Beliefs 423
The Bottom Line: Family Background 412 Religious Experience 423
The Symbolic Interactionist Perspective: Teacher The Conflict Perspective 426
Expectations 413 Opium of the People 426
The Rist Research 413 Legitimating Social Inequalities 426
How Do Teacher Expectations Work? 414 Religion and the Spirit of Capitalism 426
Problems in U.S. Education—and Their Solutions 415 Types of Religious Groups 427
Mediocrity 415 Cult 428
Cheating 417 cultural DivErSity in thE unitED StatES Human Heads
Violence 418 and Animal Blood: Testing the Limits of Tolerance 429
The Need for Educational Reform 418 Sect 430
Religion: Establishing Meaning 418 Church 430
What Is Religion? 418 Ecclesia 430
MaSS MEDia in Social lifE School Shootings: Exploding a Religion in the United States 430
Myth 419 Characteristics of Members 431
The Functionalist Perspective 421 Characteristics of Religious Groups 432
Functions of Religion 421 The Future of Religion 432
Dysfunctions of Religion 422 MaSS MEDia in Social lifE God on the net: The online
The Symbolic Interactionist Perspective 422 Marketing of Religion 434
SummAry And revIew 435
Religious Symbols 422

Part V SocIAl chAnGe

Chapter 14 Population and Urbanization 438

Population in Global Perspective 439 The Development of Cities 455
A Planet with No Space for Enjoying Life? 439 The Process of Urbanization 455
The New Malthusians 440 U.S. Urban Patterns 458
The Anti-Malthusians 442 Down-to-Earth Sociology Reclaiming Harlem: A Twist
Who Is Correct? 442 in the Invasion–Succession Cycle 461
Why Are People Starving? 443 The Rural Rebound 462
Models of Urban Growth 462
Down-to-Earth Sociology BioFoods: What’s in Your
Future? 444 The Concentric Zone Model 463
Population Growth 446 The Sector Model 463
Why the Least Industrialized Nations Have So Many The Multiple-Nuclei Model 464
Children 446 The Peripheral Model 464
Consequences of Rapid Population Growth 447 Critique of the Models 464
Population Pyramids as a Tool for Understanding 448 City Life 464
The Three Demographic Variables 449 Alienation in the City 464
Problems in Forecasting Population Growth 451 cultural DivErSity arounD thE worlD Why City
cultural DivErSity arounD thE worlD Killing Little Girls: Slums Are Better Than the Country: Urbanization in the Least
An Ancient and Thriving Practice 453 Industrialized nations 465
Urbanization 454 Community in the City 466