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e-book

➢ Orientation
In this part, writer or speaker usually tells about main character (s) and setting. Setting

can be time and/place.

For example:
Once upon a time, lived a handsome boy.
Time character
A long time ago in a small kingdom lived a poor man.
Time place character.

➢ Complication

In this part, a problem arises, usually the one that the main character faces.
For example

Malin Kundang refused to admit that that old woman was his mother. He was ashamed

to his wife. He had told her that his mother had passed away.
In this story, the problem faced by Malin Kundang when his mother came and he did not

want to admit that.

➢ Resolution
In this part, there is a solution to the problem. It can be for better or happy ending or for

worse, sad ending.

For example
Malin’s mother was very angry that she cursed him into a stone. The Malin Kundang

regretted what hedid but he was too late. He then became a stone!.

In the example, the solution is for worse. Malin’s ignorance resulted in his mother’s
anger and curse.

➢ Past tense
Using verb 2 like killed, drunk, ate, etc. (verbal sentence) or using was/were (nominal

sentence).

➢ Adverb of time
Once upon a time, one day, a long time ago, etc.

➢ Time conjunction
when, then, suddenly, etc.

for example: When he got home, the fish turned into a beautiful woman.

By Vivit Eka Damayanti