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Chapter 11




               2.4 Independence

               NEDs should be independent as far as possible, in order to ensure that their
               oversight role can be carried out as effectively and responsibly as possible.


               NEDs must not:


















               If any of these apply to a NED, their independence will be seriously compromised.


               2.5 Other recommendations

                    At least half the board should be independent NEDs (excluding the Chairman of
                     the Board, which is often also a NED).  A smaller company should have at least
                     two independent NEDs.

                    One of the independent NEDs should be appointed to be the ‘senior
                     independent director’.  They are available to be contacted by shareholders who
                     wish to raise matters outside the normal executive channels of communication.

                    Executive directors and NEDs would typically be required to stand for re-
                     election by shareholders every three years.  NEDS who have been with the
                     company for over nine years must stand for re-election on an annual basis.





















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