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Objectives





                           Financial performance evaluation





               6.1  Overview






                                                         Profit
                                                        margins                ROCE = (Operating
                      ROE = (Net                                                   profit/Capital
                    profit/Equity) ×
                         100%                                                  employed) × 100%

                                                      Profitability

                                                          ratios



              P/E = Share price/EPS                 Ratio analysis

                                                                                                   D/E

                                  Investor
                                                                           Lender
               Dividend             ratios                                  ratios

                cover =

              EPS/DPS                                                                         D/(D+E)

                 Total annual           Dividend yield           Interest cover =
                   return to             = DPS/Share             Operating profit
                   investors                 price               (PBIT)/Finance
                                                                 charges (Interest
                                                                     payable)


















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