Page 42 - Chemistry eBook

he E
States
)sses are base
parentheses of the most
isotope.
1
Au + 79
+2 +3
+2 +4
+2 +4
11
63.546 + Cu+
2-8-18-1 107.868 +
29
Ag 47
2-8-18-18-1 196.967 +
-18-32-18-1 (280)
Rg 111
d
Isotopes
1 2
1
1 3
65.409
+2
2-8-3 2-8-4 2-8-5 2-8-6 2-8-7 691.7.23An e+q3ua72l.6n4umbe+r2 o7f4.p92r1o6tons–3, a7n8.d96 there–f2or7e9.9t0h4 e
2-8-8
–1 83.798 0
lements
18
4.00260 0 2 He
18
12
Isotopes have:
P +3 S +4 Cl +1 +5 +6 +5 +7
Ar
10.81
–4
14.0067
–3 15.9994 –2
–1 20.180 0
13
+3 12.011
B C+2
15 Group 16
T
t
O
PE
T
14
17
–2 18.9984
w
r
e
for
f
the
s
e
–4
3
32
–1
N
O F Ne +38 9 10
5 6 7
+4
+5 2-6
2-3
2-4
2-5
2-7
2-8
O
S
:
o or
+4 Si +2
m
+4
–1 +1 +2
o
m
IS Al
13 14 15 16 17 18
26
.98
15
4
+3
30
2
376
8.
08
55
3
.9
7
–
.948 0
s
o
a
.06
5
–
2
m
elem
5.4
53
39
en
Ga Ge +4 As +3 Se +4 Br
30 312.Differen3t2numbers3o3fneutrons3,4andthere3fo5rea 36 Isotopes–SPS:
Zn
+1 same chemical properties +5 +6 +5
Kr+2 2-8-18-8
2-8-18-2 2-8-18-3 2-8-18-4 2-8-18-5 2-8-18-6 2-8-18-7
same protons,
different atomic mass
112.41 +2 114.818 +3 118.71 +2 121.760 –3 127.60 –2
131.29 0
I-131 and I-132 +5 +6 Sb Te
separate neutrons (sam+e4 number of
Cd In Sn +4 +3 +4 4849505152
Xe+2 +6
2-8-18-18-2 2-8-18-1I8(-3Iodin2e-)8-c1a8n-1h8-a4ve an2a-8to-1m8-i1c8m-5ass o2f-8e-i1t8h-e1r8-6 200.59 +1 204.383 131 o+r1 132027.2But bot+h2 f2o0r8m.9s80will h+a3ve(2t0h9e) same +2
(210)
54 protons, different 2-8-18-1n8u-m8ber of neutrons) (222) 0
Rn
-18-32-18-2 -18-32-18-3 -18-32-18-4 -18-32-18-5 -18-32-18-6 -18-32-18-7 -18-32-18-8 (285) (284) (289) (288) (292) ( ? ) (294)
Hg+2 Tl +3 Pb+4 Bi +5 Po+4 At 53). We can find the number of protons by looking for the
number of protons (and therefore the same atomic number:
80 81 82 83 84 85 86
atomic number on the Periodic Table of the Elements.
Cn Uut Uuq Uup Uuh Uus Uuo 112 113** 114 115 116 117 118
126.90l4 –1 +1 +5 +7
53
2-8-18-18-7
n a
s
i d t s
42 © UNIT 2: ATOMIC STRUCTURE