Page 490 - Chemistry eBook

Table N – Selected Radioisotopes
Reffy, Table N (p. 6) shows us several isotopes, as well as their half-life, decay mode, and name.
• 1st column: The nuclide symbol. The top left number is the mass.
• 2nd column: HALF-LIFE is the amount of time it takes for an
element to become half of its original size.
Š Radioactive elements break down at a set rate. The rate does
not change if outside factors (such as temperature) change.
Half-life is the amount of time for the element to become half of its size.
Selected Radioisotopes
rd Common Acids
• 3 column: DECAY MODE shows us the type of particle (alpha,
• All of these nuclides undergo spontanaeod on ns.
o
us reactio
4
Table K
Table N
Nuclide
Half-Life
Decay Mode
Nuclide Name
198Au
2.695 d
β–
gold-198
14C
5715 y
β–
carbon-14
37Ca
182 ms
β+
calcium-37
60Co
5.271 y
β–
cobalt-60
137Cs
30.2 y
β–
cesium-137
53Fe
8.51 min
β+
iron-53
220Fr
27.4 s
α
francium-220
3H
12.31 y
β–
hydrogen-3
beta, gamma, or positron) that is emitted when the element
breaks down. Check the symbol of
HCl(aq)
hydrochloric acid
Formula Name
R
f
e
fy, Tabl
clide is called
e
O
(
ci
p
HNO 2
. 7).
)
HNO3(aq) nitric acid
d H2SO3(aq) sulfurous acid
(
aq
n
itro
us a
198Au breaks down by emitting β-, which is a beta particle. H2SO4(aq) sulfuric acid
• 4th column: Nuclide Name – what the
nu
H PO (aq) phosphoric acid
3 H2CO3(aq)
There are many Regents questions b 2
this
CO (aq)
ca
nic acid
Reffy.
r
rb
o
C
se
H HC2H3O2(aq)
CO
(
3 or
OH
aq)
ethanoic acid (acetic acid)
131I 8.021 d 37K 1.23 s 42K 12.36 h 85Kr 10.73 y 16N 7.13 s 19Ne 17.22 s 32P 14.28 d 239Pu 2.410 × 104 y 226Ra 1599 y 222Rn 3.823 d
β–
β+
β–
β–
β–
β+
β–
α plutonium-239 α radium-226 α radon-222
Formula
NaOH(aq) KOH(aq) Ca(OH)2(aq) NH (aq)
Name
sodium hydroxide potassium hydroxide calcium hydroxide aqueous ammonia
Table L
krypton-85 nitrogen-16 neon-19 phosphorus-32
Common Bases
iodine-131 potassium-37 potassium-42
489 © UNIT 12: NUCLEAR CHEMISTRY
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