Page 45 - Адууны томуу өвчний тандан судалгаа, үүсгэгчийн ялган авч тодорхойлсон нь

Ё. Мягмарсүх “Адууны томуу өвчний тандан судалгаа, үүсгэгчийг ялган авч тодорхойлсон нь”

In 2011, Mongolia was estimated to have a population of 2.1 million horses, with

central Mongolia having the densest horse populations. Horses are owned by semi-

nomadic family groups and come into frequent contact with horses owned by other
family groups. The contact between wide traveling groups of horses provides an ideal

setting for EIV transmission.

Researchers at the IVM have developed an egg embroyned influenza vaccine
(using equine H3N8, and H7N7 strains). Since 1988, each year approximately 200,000

doses are produced, with only 10% of Mongolia’s horses vaccinated annually in 7 of
Mongolia’s 21aimags. Because Mongolians rely so heavily on their horses for everyday

life, the potential for EIV zoonotic infection is high. Monitoring the viruses circulating
among the horses provides better insight into its zoonotic capabilities as well as

provides novel information needed to keep the animal vaccines current. While further

genomic analyses are in progress, partial genome sequence of the viruses associated
with the 2011 Mongolian EIV epizootic appear to be similar to a H3N8 EIV that widely

circulated in Central Asia and Europe in 2007-08. OIE has since classified this event as
a reoccurrence of virus responsible for the 2008 EIV outbreak in Mongolia. An attempt

was made to use third generation sequencing to obtain a full flu A genome sequence;
however, technical difficulties made interpretation difficult. Future research is warranted

to improve this technology.

Table 1. Recent equine influenza epizootics in Mongolia. Data are derived from the records

compiled from the Institute of Veterinary Medicine and Department of Veterinary and Animal
Breeding, Government of Mongolia

Years Virus Estimated number of Estimated number of deaths
infected horses (%) among infected horses (% )

1
1974-5 H7N7 540,000 (30%) of 1.8M 135,000 (25%)
1983-4 H7N7 760,000 (40%) of 1.9M 225,000 (30%)

1993-4 H3N8 891,000 (42%) of 2.1M 176,000 (20%)

11
2007-8* H3N8 459,000 (22%) of 2.1M 24,600 (5%)
*Equine influenza vaccine used

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