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主Ninagaw日 et日.1/Cryobiology73(2016)20-29
-100oC/min
(A)t'=0ms (B)t'= 3ms
(D)t'= 12ms (E)t'= 17ms
23
Fig.3.Progresofintracelularicecrystalformationintheepidermaltisueofastrawberygeranium(S日xifr日， E日 stoloniferaCurtis)leafatacolingrateof-100oCfmin.The temperaturewasaproximately-170，( Theseimageswereprocesedusingfiltering，andthe仁ontrastandbrightneswereadjustedusingimageanalysissoftware.Boldwhite arow:locationwheretheintracelularicecrystalapeared;smalarows:directionofprogresintheformationofintracelularicecrystals;whitebar:25μm;t':timeelapsed(ms) sincethestartofintracelularfrezing.(A)t'=0ms，(B)t'=3ms，(C)t'=8ms，(0)t'=12ms，(E)t'=17ms，and(F)t'=25ms.
...叫 戸園町‘
(A)t'=0ms
(B)t'= 2ms
• Atthecelwal
(c)t'=3ms (D)t'=4ms
• Atthecenterofthecel
10
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宮 20 ~
O
-10 -10 Colingrate[OC/min]
Fig.4.Locationswhereintracelularicecrystalsapp四 redintheepidermaltisuesofstrawberygeranium(S日xifrag口ω5loniferaCurtis)leaves.(A-O)Progresofintracelularice crystalformation.Boldwhitearow:locationwheretheintracelularicecrystalapeared;whitebar:10μm;t':timeelapsed(ms)sincethestartofintracelularfrezing.(A) t'=0ms，(B)t'=2ms，(C)t'=3ms，and(0)t'=4ms.(E)Proportionofcelsinwhichintracelularicecrystalsapearedateach10仁川ionatcolingratesof-1oCfmin(n=15)， -10oCfmin(n=28)，and-100oC/min(n=45).
(C)t'=8ms
(F)t'ニ 25ms
、， J
E rsE‘、
