Page 433 - SSB Interview: The Complete Guide, Second Edition

molestation by the enemy. The practice was followed by the wives of
defeated Rajput rulers, who are known to place a high premium on honour.

Purdah

Purdah is the practice among some communities requiring women to cover
their bodies so as to cover their skin and conceal their form. It imposes
restrictions on the mobility of women, it curtails their right to interact freely

and it is a symbol of the subordination of women. It does not reflect the
religious teachings of either Hinduism or Islam, contrary to common belief,
although misconception has occurred due to the ignorance and prejudices of

religious leaders of both faiths.

Devadasis

Devadasi is a religious practice in some parts of southern India, in which
women are “married” to a deity or temple. The ritual was well-established by
the tenth century AD. In the later period, the illegitimate sexual exploitation

of the devadasis became a norm in some parts of India.

British rule

European scholars observed in the nineteenth century that Hindu women are
“naturally chaste” and “more virtuous” than other women. During the British

Raj, many reformers such as Raja Ram Mohan Roy, Ishwar Chandra
Vidyasagar, Jyotirao Phule, etc., fought for the upliftment of women. Peary
Charan Sarkar, a former student of Hindu College, Calcutta and a member of
“Young Bengal”, set up the first free school for girls in India in 1847 in

Barasat, a suburb of Calcutta (later, the school was named Kalikrishna Girls’
High School).

While this list might suggest that there was no positive British contribution

during the Raj era, that is not entirely so, since missionaries’ wives like
Martha Mault née Mead and her daughter Eliza Caldwell née Mault are

rightly remembered for pioneering the education and training of girls in
South India — a practice that initially met with local resistance, as it flew in
the face of tradition. Raja Ram Mohan Roy’s efforts led to the abolition of
the sati practice under Governor-General William Cavendish-Bentinck in