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                     York City and also a professor at McGill University in  “You will never make it, so why don’t you clean or be a
                     Canada.                                        gardener?” So, we have to find ways to get Native people
                                                                    into higher or even secondary education – law schools,
                     What are your plans for the Indian Community House?  medical, nursing, social work…
                     Right now, we are focused on the Land Back initiative.  I  just  got  my  PhD  from  McGill  University,  and  I
                     It is a movement across the globe through which nation  interviewed  Indigenous  health  care  providers  across
                     states and concerned citizens are working on recovering  Canada  about  their  experiences.  Now  I’m  making  my
                     Indian and Indigenous peoples’ land. I’m concentrating  thesis available to schools of nurses and schools of social
                     on  this  movement  to  help  Indigenous  communities  work so that they can learn about the Indigenous and
                     actually get back land that has been taken from them.  their specific needs.
                     Here in New York City, we have this native center with
                     about 10,000 Native members from all over the United  You have done so many things, and could one say that
                     States and Canada.                             you have been working for the Indigenous your entire
                                                                    life?
                     Now we are looking for a new center where we can have  Yes, I have done everything including case management,
                     community-based  programs.  The  rents  in  New  York  homeless outreach, crisis services. Now I’m a professor
                     are so high that many non-profit organizations are not  at McGill University teaching a field course with other
                     able to compete. We were paying 40,000 united States  professors  around  Indigenous  experiences.  We  have
                     dollars a month, and government grants paid the rent  students from medicine, nursing, law that will go to a
                     in the end, but if we lose one grant our revenue cycle  native  community.  This  year’s  field  course  gives  the
                     becomes weakened. Thus, we hope that this “Land Back”  students the Indigenous point of view that they would
                     initiative will help stabilize us so that we can grow our  not get unless they went to work in a native community.
                     community programmes such as health programs and  So,  I  teach  that,  and  I  also  do  tuberculosis  research
                     social programs for community members, in particular  in  Nunivak  which  is  north  of  Quebec  in  the  Inuit
                     for the youth and the students.                community. We interview community members about
                                                                    their  experiences  with  tuberculosis.  In  almost  every
                     Last  Saturday  we  attended  Columbia  University.  A  Indigenous community there is a strong prevalence of
                     group  of  students  at  Columbia  University  organized  tuberculosis. It is very acute.
                     a community Pow Wow. I came down from Montreal
                     with native students from Concordia in Montréal. We  How do you explain that?
                     drummed and danced for the rain, and it arrived. We  We are trying to find out from the community perspective
                     also had a student exchange. The American Indians were  because  the  Inuit  are  heavily  impacted.  It  is  probably
                     there  too  and  brought  with  them  information  about  because they do not have nurses or doctors from their
                     the different communities. There is a lot going on right  community. It is all outsiders that come, and they may
                     now.                                           not  relate  well  to  community  members  because  it’s  a
                                                                    very specific Indigenous society. Perhaps the community
                     Where do you get the energy from?              members  do  not  get  the  education,  prevention  and
                     I really believe in helping Native people, and I love our  treatment that would eradicate it.
                     community in particular for its diversity.
                                                                    You are into teaching, research and community service.
                     Would you say that there is discrimination against the  How do you manage to find time for it all?
                     Native people in the United States?            I try to be very focused. You make appointments and
                     Yes,  and  the  same  applies  to  Indigenous  in  Canada,  keep them, you ask for help when you need it, and you
                     where there is not really access to quality education for  do not over commit yourself. You cannot do everything!
                     Indigenous children. The inequality is huge. What happens  I often have all kinds of desires, but I make sure that I
                     then is that they are not able to get into universities and  do my job.
                     colleges because the education they receive at home is
                     not delivered well or is just not adequate preparation. The  What would you say has been the most difficult part for
                     government responds by trying to turn our people into  you?
                     manual  laborers  like  construction  workers,  restaurant  It  is  always  within  the  Indigenous  services  because
                     workers and so on. They do not really think of addressing  there is inconsistent infrastructure. We are a very small
                     the  Indigenous  intellectuals.  It  is  like  they  are  saying,  community,  altogether  3,  5  million  people  within  the



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