Page 678 - Atlas of Creation Volume 2

today, and point to native Australians as an example. Like Homo sapiens (archaic), native Australians also have

thick protruding eyebrows, an inward-inclined mandibular structure, and a slightly smaller cranial capacity.
The group characterized as Homo heidelbergensis in evolutionist literature is in fact the same as archaic Homo
sapiens. The reason why two different terms are used to define the same human racial type is the disagreements
among evolutionists. All the fossils included under the Homo heidelbergensis classification suggest that people
who were anatomically very similar to Europeans lived 500,000 and even 740,000 years ago, in England and in

Spain.
It is estimated that Cro-Magnon man lived 30,000 years ago. He has a dome-shaped cranium and a broad
forehead. His cranium of 1,600 cc is above the average for contemporary man. His skull has thick eyebrow pro-
jections and a bony protrusion at the back that is characteristic of both Neanderthal man and Homo erectus.
Although the Cro-Magnon is considered to be a European race, the structure and volume of Cro-Magnon's
cranium look very much like those of some races living in Africa and the tropics today. Relying on this similar-

ity, it is estimated that Cro-Magnon was an archaic African race. Some other paleoanthropological finds have
shown that the Cro-Magnon and the Neanderthal races intermixed and laid the foundations for the races of our
day.
As a result, none of these human beings were "primitive species." They were different human beings who

lived in earlier times and either assimilated and mixed with other races, or became extinct and disappeared
from history.

The Collapse of the Evolutionary Tree

What we have investigated so far forms a clear picture: The scenario of "human evolution" is a complete fic-
tion. In order for such a family tree to represent the truth, a gradual evolution from a common ancestor of apes
and human beings to man must have taken place and a fossil record of this process should be able to be found.
In fact, however, there is a huge gap between apes and humans. Skeletal structures, cranial capacities, and such
criteria as walking upright or bent sharply forward distinguish humans from apes. (We already mentioned that

on the basis of recent research done in 1994 on the inner ear, Australopithecus and Homo habilis were reclassified
as apes, while Homo erectus was reclassified as a fully human of our day.)
Another significant finding proving that there can be no family-tree rela-
tionship among these different species is that species that are presented as
ancestors of others in fact lived concurrently. If, as evolutionists claim,

Australopithecus changed into Homo habilis, which, in turn, turned
into Homo erectus, the periods they lived in should necessarily
have followed each other. However, there is no such chronologi-
cal order to be seen in the fossil record.
According to evolutionist estimates, Australopithecus lived
from 4 million up until 1 million years ago. The creatures classi-

fied as Homo habilis, on the other hand, are thought to have lived
until 1.7 to 1.9 million years ago. Homo rudolfensis, which is said to
have been more "advanced" than Homo habilis, is known to be as
old as from 2.5 to 2.8 million years! That is to say, Homo rudolfensis
is nearly 1 million years older than Homo habilis, of which it is al-

leged to have been the "ancestor." On the other hand, the age of
Homo erectus goes as far back as 1.6-1.8 million years ago, which
means that Homo erectus appeared on the earth in the same time
frame as its so-called ancestor, Homo habilis.
Alan Walker confirms this fact by stating that "there is evidence
from East Africa for late-surviving small Australopithecus individuals that

were contemporaneous first with H. Habilis, then with H. erectus." 172 Louis
Leakey has found fossils of Australopithecus, Homo habilis and Homo erectus
A typical Cro-magnon skull
almost next to each other in the Olduvai Gorge region of Tanzania, in the

676 Atlas of Creation Vol. 2