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NPP Computer Basics and Windows Fundamentals 59

electrical current across the sensor. When EH$ Ymam ~hVr ahVr h¡Ÿ& O~ H$moB© ñH«$sZ H$mo Ny>Vm h¡ V~
someone touches the screen, "distortion" occurs {g½Zb _| {dH¥${V AmVr h¡& Bg n[adV©Z H$mo H§$Q´>moba
in the signal of the sensor. This change in signal n[anW H$mo {X`m OmVm h¡Ÿ& Bggo Nw>E JE q~Xw H$m nVm
is sent to the controller for processing. MbVm h¡Ÿ&
Infrared Touchscreen : It uses an array of B§\«$maoS> Q>MñH«$sZ: Bg_| IR g|ga H$m EH$ _¡{Q´>Šg
vertical and horizontal IR sensors that detect hmoVm h¡, {Og_| Ny>Zo go àH$me H$s Vrd«Vm n[ad{V©V hmoVr
the interruption due to Touch. They have most
durable touch surfaces. h¡Ÿ& Bgr Vrd«Vm H$mo H§$Q´>moba n[anW H$mo {X`m OmVm h¡Ÿ&
Optical Imagining Touchscreen : This is Am°pßQ>H$b B_oqOJ Q>MñH«$sZ: `h EH$ AmYw{ZH$
relatively modern touchscreen. Two or more Q>MñH«$sZ h¡Ÿ& ñH«$sZ Ho$ H$moZm| na Xmo `m Xmo go Á`mXm B_oO
Image sensors are placed around the corners. g|ga bJo hmoVo h¢Ÿ& ñH«$sZ Ho$ Xygao N>moa na B§\«$maoS> ~¡H$bmBQ>
Infrared backlights are placed on other side of
screen. Shadow is created due to touch and bJr hmoVr h¡Ÿ& Ny>Zo Ho$ H$maU N>m`m CËnÝZ hmoVr h¡Ÿ VWm
cameras are triggerred to locate the touch point. Q>M nm°BÝQ> H$m nVm bJmZo Ho$ {bE H¡$‘am Mmby hmo OmVm h¡&
Dispersive Signal Technology: Measures {S>ñn{g©d {g½Zb Q>oŠZmobm°Or: Bg_| H§$nZ Ho$ H$maU
mechanical energy into glass to vibrations. CËnÞ hþB© D$Om© H$m _mnZ {H$`m OmVm h¡ d q~Xw H$s pñW{V
Complex algorithms provide the location of H$m nVm bJm`m OmVm h¡Ÿ& Bg_| Yyb `m ~mhar VËdm| H$o
touch. The screen is unaffected by dust and
outside elements. H$maU H$m_ à^m{dV Zht hmoVmŸ h¡ &
Applications of Touchscreen Q>MñH«$sZ Ho$ AZwà`moJ
1. ATM (Automated Teller Machine) 1. ATM _erZ (Am°Q>mo_oQ>oS> Q>oba _erZ)
2. PDA (Personal Digital Assistant) 2. PDA H§$ß`yQ>a (ng©Zb {S>[OQ>b A{gñQ>|Q>)
3. Smart phone. 3. ñ_mQ>© \$moZ

Fig. 1.12: Touchscreen
1.30 RAM Disk 1.30 RAM {S>ñH$
"It is a portion of RAM that is treated as "`h RAM H$m dh {hñgm h¡ Omo goH§$S>ar _o_moar H$s
secondary memory.” This is used with the help Vah H$m_ H$aVm h¡Ÿ&" Bgo gm°âQ>do`a H$s _XX go ~Zm`m d
of software abstraction. It provides a lower Cn`moJ {H$`m OmVm h¡Ÿ& Bggo h_| H$_ EŠgog Q>mB_ àmßV
access time as compared to the hard disk. RAM
Disk is volatile. That means when power goes hmoVm h¡, bo{H$Z RAM {S>ñH$ dmînerb hmoVr h¡, AWm©V²
off the contents are lost. But this does not create {~Obr Mbo OmZo na BgH$s OmZH$mar Zï> hmo OmVr h¡Ÿ&